농촌 노인일자리 및 사회활동 지원사업 사례연구 : 경북 A군을 중심으로

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study aims to analyze the operational structure and mechanisms of the Senior Employment and Social Participation Support Program in rural areas undergoing rapid super-aging. It empirically examines the tensions and gaps between the current policy direction, based on the “new senior” discourse, and the actual realities of rural communities. For this purpose, County A in Gyeongsangbuk-do was selected as the case study area to comprehensively analyze demographic changes, operational status by program type, participant characteristics, and satisfaction levels.
The study utilized legal and institutional data related to senior employment, along with raw data from the 2024 County A Senior Employment Participant Satisfaction Survey. A case study approach combining literature review and quantitative analysis was employed. Descriptive statistics and regression analyses were conducted to examine demographic structures, program and budget frameworks, spatial distribution at the town (eup) and township (myeon) levels, and factors influencing participant satisfaction.
The key findings are summarized as follows. First, County A is a super-aged region in which the population aged 65 and older accounts for nearly half of the total residents. The area exhibits a dual demographic structure characterized by an increase in the young-old male population alongside a concentration of late-old females. Second, participants are heavily skewed toward women aged 75 and older, confirming that rural senior employment programs primarily function as mechanisms for livelihood supplementation and social protection for vulnerable groups. Third, although public activity-type programs account for over 80% of all programs and ensure high accessibility, role perception and satisfaction among young-old and male participants are relatively low. Fourth, capacity-utilization and community-type jobs are concentrated in town (eup) areas, whereas access to programs other than public activity types is limited in most township (myeon) areas due to transportation and infrastructural constraints. Fifth, the increasing age of participants has resulted in heightened safety and health concerns, underscoring the need for a redesign of the operational system. Sixth, despite the expansion in the overall scale of programs, operating expenses for implementing agencies have remained stagnant, thereby constraining their capacity to develop new programs and fulfill regional linkage functions. Seventh, satisfaction analysis indicates that gender and age are significant determinants, with women and late-old participants reporting higher levels of satisfaction.
In conclusion, the current policy orientation—which emphasizes the expansion of capacity-utilization and community-based jobs without adequately distinguishing between urban and rural contexts—demonstrates a clear disconnect from the realities of super-aged, low-density rural areas. Accordingly, rural senior employment programs must be redesigned as multi-layered systems that reflect local demographic and spatial characteristics. In particular, it is essential to restore the functional capacity of implementing agencies through budget restructuring and to establish sophisticated, customized program models that account for gender, age, and spatial conditions. This study therefore underscores the necessity of moving beyond the central government’s standardized policy framework and reestablishing a “rural-type senior employment model” grounded in the demographic structure and spatial specificity of rural communities. It further suggests the development of a differentiated support system to enhance the substantive operational capacity of implementing agencies.


Keywords: Rural Senior Employment, New Senior Discourse, Super-Aged Society, Regional Disparities, Case Study, Multi-layered Program Design

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 제 1 장 서 론 1
• 제 2 장 선행 연구 검토 3
• 제1절 신노년 담론과 활동적 노화 3
• 제2절 농촌지역 노인일자리 사업 정책 6
• 1. 농촌지역 노인일자리 사업의 특성 6
• 2. 노인일자리 사업의 구조와 쟁점 8
• 제 3 장 연구 방법 12
• 제 4 장 연구 결과 14
• 제1절 인구 구조 분석 14
• 1. 성별‧연령대별 인구 분포와 고령화 특성 14
• 2. 노년층별 인구 변화 분석 18
• 제2절 노인일자리 참여 특성 분석 20
• 제3절 노인일자리 사업 추진 현황 22
• 1. 전체 사업 규모 및 추진 경과 23
• 2. 노인일자리 사업 예산 현황 24
• 3. 유형별 노인일자리 사업 현황 25
• 4. 2024년도 사업 참여 및 중도 포기 특성 31
• 5. 읍‧면별 공간적 특성 35
• 제4절 사업 참여 만족도 분석 38
• 1. 응답자 특성 38
• 2. 사업 참여 만족도 결정 요인 39
• 제 5 장 결론 및 정책 제언 41
• 참고 문헌 44