Climate change induced irregular weather patterns have heightened the importance of greenhouse cultivation for stable crop production. However, repeated monocropping in the same soil can increase the incidence of soil-borne diseases in crops such as o...
Climate change induced irregular weather patterns have heightened the importance of greenhouse cultivation for stable crop production. However, repeated monocropping in the same soil can increase the incidence of soil-borne diseases in crops such as oriental melon (Cucumis melo L. var. makuwa). Conventional chemical fumigants are effective for pathogen control but have become increasingly restricted due to their risks to human health and the environment, underscoring the need for safer alternatives.
Biofumigation, which involves incorporating residues of Brassica species into the soil to
release volatile sulfur compounds during decomposition, has emerged as an eco-friendly disease control technique. Beyond pathogen suppression, biofumigation may also influence the biological and chemical properties of soil through the additional input of organic matter. Notably, Brassica crops contain glucosinolates, whose degradation products have been reported to reduce nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions, although the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. These findings suggest that biofumigation could also contribute to N₂O mitigation, potentially through shifts in soil microbial communities induced by fumigation.
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of biofumigation using Brassica juncea residues under greenhouse conditions on soil microbial community structure and nitrogen cycling functions, and to assess how these changes influence greenhouse gas emissions and crop productivity. The results revealed significant alterations in bacterial community diversity in biofumigated soils, while functional predictions based on PICRUSt2 indicated shifts in nitrogen cycling pathways. Furthermore, the biofumigation treatment showed a decreasing trend in N₂O emissions and a concomitant increase in oriental melon yield. Collectively, these findings suggest that biofumigation regulates soil microbial communities and nitrogen cycling, thereby serving as a sustainable agricultural strategy that not only suppresses soil-borne pathogens but also contributes to greenhouse gas mitigation and enhanced crop productivity.