AHP를 이용한 전기자동차 핵심 기술 개발의 전략적 우선순위 분석 = Strategic Priority Analysis of Core Electric Vehicle Technologies Using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP)

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study quantitatively assesses the strategic importance and
development priority of core electric vehicle (EV) technologies, aiming to
provide a rational basis for corporate R&D investment and government
policy formulation amidst the global shift toward carbon neutrality and
vehicle electrification. Utilizing the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), a
multi-criteria decision-making method, a 3-tier, 3x3 hierarchical model
was structured, classifying EV technology into three major groups (Driving
& Energy Systems, Body & Thermal Management, Charging Infrastructure
& Electrical Components) and nine specific sub-technologies. The analysis
was conducted based on the expert judgment of 40 seasoned professionals
(managers and researchers with over 10 years of experience) from the
domestic EV industry, and only responses satisfying the Consistency Ratio
criterion were included in the final aggregation.
The key findings reveal a clear strategic prioritization:
1) Level 1 Priority: The Driving and Energy Systems group was determined to be the most critical technological area, securing the highest
weighted value of 0.727, followed by Charging Infrastructure and Electrical
Components (0.203), and Body and Thermal Management Technology
(0.070).
2) Global Priority: The synthesis of weights identified the top three core
technologies as Battery Performance Enhancement (0.457), Drive Motor
and Inverter Efficiency Improvement (0.205), and Charging Infrastructure
Advancement (0.118). Technologies related to thermal stability and
component reliability (e.g., Thermal Management, High-Voltage Component
Reliability) showed intermediate importance.
This research empirically confirms that the core competitiveness of the
EV industry is predominantly determined by battery performance and
powertrain efficiency. The results strongly imply that both government and
private sector R&D should focus their limited resources on battery and
power module innovation to secure a competitive advantage. Furthermore,
the high importance of Charging Infrastructure underscores the necessity
of cooperative policy and investment to enhance user convenience and
accelerate market expansion. The study provides a quantitative and reliable
strategic roadmap for the development of future mobility technology.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. 서 론 1
• 1. 연구의 배경 및 필요성 1
• 2. 연구의 목적 및 구성 3
• Ⅱ. 이론적 배경 6
• 1. 구동 및 에너지 시스템 6
• 1.1. 구동모터, 인버터 효율 향상 7
• 1.2. 배터리 고성능화 8
• 1.3. 에너지 효율 극대화 9
• 2. 차체 및 열관리 기술 10
• 2.1. 차체 경량화 11
• 2.2. 열관리 시스템 고도화 12
• 2.3. 실내 쾌적성 확보 13
• 3. 충전 인프라 및 전장부품 14
• 3.1. 충전 인프라 고도화 15
• 3.2. 전력변환장치 고효율화 16
• 3.3. 고전압 전장부품 신뢰성 강화 17
• Ⅲ. 연구 방법 18
• 1. AHP의 개념 및 분석 절차 18
• 2. 연구 모형 구축 20
• 3. 설문지 구성 21
• 4. 전문가 집단 선정 22
• 5. 자료수집 과정 및 응답 검증 23
• 6. 가중치 산출 방식 24
• Ⅳ. 연구 결과 25
• 1. 표본 구성 25
• 2. 1계층 가중치 분석 결과 26
• 3. 2계층 가중치 분석 결과 27
• 4. 최종 종합 가중치 및 우선순위 분석 30
• Ⅴ. 결론 32
• 1. 연구결과 요약 32
• 2. 연구의 시사점 33
• 3. 연구의 한계점 34
• 참고문헌 35
• 영문초록 39
• 설 문 지 41