This study aimed to investigate the skin-whitening potential of Juglans
nigra (black walnut) hull extract as a natural agent capable of inhibiting
UV-induced skin inflammation and melanin biosynthesis. Although Juglans
nigra hulls are reported to poss...
This study aimed to investigate the skin-whitening potential of Juglans
nigra (black walnut) hull extract as a natural agent capable of inhibiting
UV-induced skin inflammation and melanin biosynthesis. Although Juglans
nigra hulls are reported to possess antioxidant and anti-inflammatory
activities due to their rich content of bioactive compounds such as
phenolics, flavonoids, and tocopherols, specific research on their
regulatory mechanisms regarding melanin biosynthesis remains limited.
Therefore, this study analyzed the inhibitory effects of Juglans nigra hull
hot-water extract on the expression of melanogenesis-related enzymes—
Tyrosinase, TRP-1, and TRP-2—and the transcription factor MITF in
B16F10 melanoma cells. Treatment of α-MSH-stimulated B16F10
melanoma cells with the extract resulted in a significant,
concentration-dependent reduction in melanin synthesis within the range
of 0.1, 1, and 10 μg/mL. Cell viability assessment via MTT assay
indicated a significant decrease at concentrations of 62.5 μg/mL and
above; however, no cytotoxicity was observed in the range of 15.6–31.2
μg/mL, which was subsequently established as the effective concentration
range. Furthermore, measurement of intracellular tyrosinase inhibitory
activity demonstrated excellent inhibition within this non-toxic
concentration range, confirming its potential as a whitening agent. To
further elucidate the mechanism underlying melanogenesis inhibition,
RT-PCR and Western blot analyses were conducted. RT-PCR results
revealed that the extract did not show a significant inhibitory effect on α
-MSH-induced MITF mRNA expression at 6 and 24 hours. However, the
mRNA expression of downstream enzyme genes, such as Tyrosinase,
TRP-1, and TRP-2, was reduced at the 24-hour time point. In contrast,
Western blot analysis confirmed a decrease in the protein levels of MITF,
Tyrosinase, TRP-1, and TRP-2. These findings suggest that the extract
inhibits melanogenesis primarily by regulating enzyme expression and
activity, likely through post-transcriptional mechanisms affecting MITF
protein stability or translation, rather than at the initial transcriptional
regulatory stage. In conclusion, this study confirms the high potential of
Juglans nigra hull extract as a natural skin-whitening agent for application
in the cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries, capable of effectively
inhibiting melanin biosynthesis while simultaneously mitigating UV-induced
oxidative stress and inflammatory responses.