Lithium manganese iron phosphate (LMFP) has been extensively studied as a cathode material for lithium-ion batteries due to its intrinsic thermal stability, economic viability, and the presence of dual Fe2+/Fe3+ and Mn2+/Mn3+ redox couples. Nonetheles...
Lithium manganese iron phosphate (LMFP) has been extensively studied as a cathode material for lithium-ion batteries due to its intrinsic thermal stability, economic viability, and the presence of dual Fe2+/Fe3+ and Mn2+/Mn3+ redox couples. Nonetheless, its commercialization is challenged by drawbacks such as manganese dissolution, progressive structural degradation , and limited lithium-ion diffusion along its one-dimensional channels. In this study, titanium doping was employed to stabilize the olivine framework of LMFP by introducing transition metal vacancies and altering Li-O bonding environments. Structural analysis confirmed successful Ti4+ incorporation, resulting in moderate lattice contraction. The Ti- doped LMFP delivered a significantly enhanced discharge capacity of 154 mAh g-1 at 0.1 C, compared to 135 mAh g-1 for the undoped sample. Furthermore, the Ti-doped sample retained 82% of its initial capacity after 1000 cycles at 1 C, in contrast to 67% for pristine LMFP. In-situ XRD measurements revealed that Ti doping expanded the solid-solution domain and suppressed abrupt phase transitions, thereby reducing transformation strain and enhancing reversibility. The improved stability was also evident in pouch-type full cells, where the Ti-doped electrode maintained 79% capacity after 500 cycles at 1 C, whereas the undoped counterpart retained only 58%. Collectively, with a desirable balance of safety, cost, and performance.