Adenosine diphosphate (ADP) P2Y12 signaling plays a central role in platelet activation during hemostasis, thrombosis, and tumor platelet interactions. While P2Y12 function testing is well established in human medicine, its clinical application in vet...
Adenosine diphosphate (ADP) P2Y12 signaling plays a central role in platelet activation during hemostasis, thrombosis, and tumor platelet interactions. While P2Y12 function testing is well established in human medicine, its clinical application in veterinary medicine remains limited, and disease specific changes in P2Y12 activity in dogs have not been systematically evaluated. This study evaluated P2Y12 mediated platelet function in 168 client owned dogs using a capillary based distance assay and established an exploratory reference interval (RI) for healthy dogs. An RI (125.7– 164.8 mm) was derived from 30 healthy dogs based on a normal distribution, and the degree of P2Y12 dysfunction was quantified by calculating the absolute deviation (AD) from the mean. The diseased group (n=138) showed significantly higher AD values compared to the healthy control group, demonstrating strong discriminatory power in receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis (Area Under the Curve [AUC] = 0.858). In dogs with malignant tumors, P2Y12-mediated distances were significantly shorter than those in healthy dogs (p=0.0269). Subgroup analysis of the tumor group revealed that dogs in complete remission had significantly longer distances compared to those with progressive disease, partial remission, or no treatment (p=0.0009), while round cell tumors exhibited shorter distances compared to carcinomas (p=0.0390). Conversely, dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD) showed significantly longer P2Y12-mediated distances than healthy dogs (p=0.0185), consistent with decreased P2Y12 activity. In conclusion, these findings demonstrate that capillary-based P2Y12 distance measurement reflects distinct platelet activation states in specific canine diseases, particularly malignant neoplasia and MMVD, suggesting that monitoring P2Y12 activity and implementing individualized therapies may be necessary in veterinary oncology and cardiology.