Acoustofluidics has emerged as a promising technology that leverages acoustic waves for the precise manipulation of micro/nano-scale flows and suspended objects within microchannels. As this novel approach offers label-free, contactless, and non-invas...
Acoustofluidics has emerged as a promising technology that leverages acoustic waves for the precise manipulation of micro/nano-scale flows and suspended objects within microchannels. As this novel approach offers label-free, contactless, and non-invasive manipulation, it has been utilized for numerous biomedical applications, including drug delivery, bioparticle separation, and cell culture. Despite many advantages, the practical applicability of conventional acoustofluidic platforms has been limited due to an irreversible bonding between the piezoelectric actuator and the microfluidic chip. Recently, reconfigurable acoustofluidic platforms have enabled reversible bonding between the reusable actuator and the replaceable polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) microfluidic chip by incorporating a thin PDMS membrane for sealing the microchannel and indirectly coupling the acoustic waves with the fluid. During the wave propagation through the PDMS, viscoelastic nature of PDMS leads to the wave attenuation and conversion of acoustic energy into thermal energy. However, a comprehensive guideline for selecting a suitable PDMS membrane for various acoustofluidic applications is still missing. This thesis proposes a design rule for reconfigurable acoustofluidic platforms based on thorough investigation of the PDMS thickness effect on acoustofluidic phenomena: acousto-thermal heating, acoustic radiation, and acoustic streaming. We performed a thermo-fluidic analysis of viscoelastic attenuation in PDMS within the ultrasonic frequency regime using both numerical and experimental approaches. Our results show that the relative thickness of the PDMS membrane with respect to acoustic wavelength (λPDMS) is critical in determining the degree of acoustic wave attenuation in the PDMS membrane, which consequently results in different acoustofluidic phenomena within the microchannel. For t/λPDMS ~ O(1), the transmission of acoustic waves through the membrane was significant, which resulted in the observation of the acoustic radiation and acoustic streaming phenomena. In contrast, for t/λPDMS ~ O(10), the acoustic waves are absorbed entirely within the membrane, resulting in the acousto-thermal heating phenomenon.