Cable-driven parallel robots (CDPRs) are a class of parallel robots that employ multiple cables instead of rigid links to manipulate the end-effector. This architecture offers advantages in X-ray imaging environments, as metallic components can be pos...
Cable-driven parallel robots (CDPRs) are a class of parallel robots that employ multiple cables instead of rigid links to manipulate the end-effector. This architecture offers advantages in X-ray imaging environments, as metallic components can be positioned outside the radiation field, thereby reducing artifacts in X-ray images. However, enabling rotational motion of the end- effector in an X-ray-compatible manner remains a technical challenge. This thesis presents the design, implementation, and experimental analysis of a CDPR equipped with a fully rotatable end-effector and an integrated fiber- optic encoder, specifically designed for X-ray-guided interventions. The proposed system employs remote actuation to drive end-effector rotation and incorporates a custom-designed fiber-optic encoder to provide rotational feedback without metallic interference. The fiber-optic encoder was implemented in a stationary-slit quadrature configuration, where laser light is delivered and collected through optical fibers. The encoder provides 0.5° resolution and demonstrates reliable sensing up to 100°/s, although periodic signal loss produced an accumulated drift of approximately 20° per revolution. Compared with a commercial absolute encoder, the developed encoder achieved an average precision of 0.1353° ± 0.1747° within a stable operating range. The Bowden cable–based rotation mechanism exhibited a rise time of 0.301 s, a settling time of 0.480 s, and an average delay of 0.118 s, with an overshoot of 0.35° in step-response tests. In closed-loop operation using a PI controller, the mean tracking error outside the dead zone was 2.424° ± 2.243°. Moreover, the added rotational mechanism affected the CDPR’s tracking performance by only ~1.4%, confirming that the rotation mechanism does not meaningfully degrade overall CDPR tracking. X-ray transparency tests further showed that the proposed system minimized imaging artifacts. The system confirmed its ability to deliver rotational motion while maintaining X-ray compatibility.