This study re-examines abjection as a psychological process harboring potential for ethical transformation through loss and separation, departing from phenomenological interpretations centered on visual disgust. While abjection fundamentally reconfigu...
This study re-examines abjection as a psychological process harboring potential for ethical transformation through loss and separation, departing from phenomenological interpretations centered on visual disgust. While abjection fundamentally reconfigures subjective boundaries, structural failure in this process leads to fixation on semiotic drives and horror, resulting in the loss of symbolic recovery. Previous film studies have largely overlooked this transformative dynamic and the possibility of subject-relational repositioning.
Accordingly, this research analyzes Ari Aster’s trilogy—Hereditary (2018), Midsommar (2019), and Beau Is Afraid (2023)—as depictions of the contemporary subject for whom the “ethical return of the abject” is foreclosed. Here, “ethical return” denotes the momentum of subject formation wherein the shock of abjection leads to reconfiguring boundaries and sublimating ontological cracks into new ethical relations. These films portray a world where the path to recovery is sealed. Despite attempts to exclude sources of anxiety, characters fail to secure a passage back to symbolic order, reaching an ontological catastrophe. Ultimately, this demonstrates that the abject no longer functions as a rite of passage for self-reconstitution but instead traps the subject in an irreversible structural deadlock, reflecting a contemporary pathological condition.
Specifically, within the collapse of symbolic stability, this study identifies that the semiotic maternal space deserts its intermediary role, causing the subject's downfall through the non-symbolization of loss. This research proves that Aster’s films represent an “era of non-purification” where Kristeva’s structure of “abject emergence–boundary collapse–re-establishment” no longer functions. This serves as a critical diagnosis of the contemporary existential crisis where the threat of the abject leads to permanent structural catastrophe.
The significance of this study lies in establishing the concept of “irreversible abjection,” transcending reductive approaches that view abjection solely as destruction. By providing a framework to interpret the failure of the “subject in process,” the non-symbolization of loss, and the disappearance of relational ethics, this research expands the application of Kristevan theory within film analysis.