The turbopump is one of the most critical components of a liquid rocket, responsible for supplying fuel and oxidizer to the combustion chamber at high pressure. Since the turbopump generates high pressure through high-speed rotation, cavitation is ine...
The turbopump is one of the most critical components of a liquid rocket, responsible for supplying fuel and oxidizer to the combustion chamber at high pressure. Since the turbopump generates high pressure through high-speed rotation, cavitation is inevitable. To suppress this phenomenon, an inducer is typically installed at the inlet of the turbopump. However, the inducer itself cannot be completely free from cavitation. Moreover, with the recent trend toward developing high-performance liquid rockets, it is essential for the inducer to maintain stable performance even under extreme operating conditions. This study performed a slit-type inducer geometry optimization to suppress rotating cavitation, which is the most destructive form of cavitation in a liquid rocket turbopump inducer, and to enhance its suction performance simultaneously. Numerical analyses were conducted using the commercial CFD software ANSYS CFX 2024 R1, based on the three-dimensional RANS equations, and the Rayleigh–Plesset model was applied to accurately analyze cavitation behavior. First, under non-cavitation conditions, the effects of slit angle, depth, and width on suction performance were evaluated to investigate how the geometric parameters influence the internal flow characteristics. Subsequently, at the design flow rate condition, the cavity symmetry for each geometric variation was compared to identify the range of slit geometries in which rotating cavitation does not occur. In the next step, optimization was carried out to maximize suction performance, applying the DoE, RSM, and Screening technique to determine the optimal combination of slit design parameters. As a result of the optimization, an optimal geometry was derived that achieved approximately 2.79% improvement in suction performance compared to the baseline model, while no occurrence of rotating cavitation was observed. Furthermore, the relative error between the predicted and calculated values was found to be 0.03%, demonstrating the high reliability of the proposed analysis and optimization methodology. In conclusion, this study presents a geometry optimization methodology for slit-applied inducers, providing an effective design guideline for simultaneously improving cavitation stability and suction performance in turbopumps. The proposed approach is expected to contribute to the performance enhancement and technological advancement of next-generation Korean launch vehicle turbopump development.