Recent advances in wet-chemical synthesis have enabled the precise construction of complex metallic nanostructures, providing powerful means to amplify the electromagnetic near-field of plasmonic nanoparticles. These developments have greatly expanded...
Recent advances in wet-chemical synthesis have enabled the precise construction of complex metallic nanostructures, providing powerful means to amplify the electromagnetic near-field of plasmonic nanoparticles. These developments have greatly expanded the design space of plasmonic materials, allowing simultaneous control over structural hierarchy and compositional heterogeneity at the nanoscale. Nevertheless, despite their remarkable optical tunability, the intrinsic surface properties of conventional plasmonic metals—such as limited chemical affinity, poor adsorption selectivity, and restricted catalytic activity—have confined their practical use to a narrow range of sensing and photonic applications.
To overcome these limitations, this dissertation investigates multimetallic strategies that integrate the strong light–matter interactions of plasmonic metals with the distinctive electronic and chemical characteristics of transition metals. By selectively positioning secondary metals on plasmonic templates and co-assembling heterogeneous building blocks with diverse surface compositions, a series of hybrid nanostructures were developed to achieve synergistic functionalities that transcend the limitations of single-component systems. These efforts include the fabrication of Au–Pt–Au triple nanorings (Chapter 2) for in-situ SERS monitoring of electrocatalytic reactions and PtAu nanoframes (Chapter 3) for hot-spot-enhanced electrocatalysis, as well as the creation of Au–Ag–CuO dual-rim nanoring assemblies (Chapter 4) and Pd–Au hybrid platforms (Chapter 7) for label-free, bio-relevant molecular sensing. Each of these systems demonstrates how compositional heterogeneity induces cooperative effects between optical and chemical domains—enabling the detection of molecules otherwise inaccessible to pure plasmonic substrates and enhancing catalytic performance through hot-carrier generation.
In addition to transition-metal-integrated systems, this dissertation also explores plasmonic co-assemblies that combine distinct noble-metal building blocks to amplify electromagnetic coupling. Au–Ag assemblies (Chapter 5) exhibited intensified near-field confinement via the mirror-charge effect at heterogeneous interfaces, while shape-heterogeneous solid–frame co-assemblies (Chapter 6) enabled efficient gas-phase sensing by coupling strong field enhancement with facile analyte diffusion.
Collectively, this dissertation establishes a composition-centric framework for designing multimetallic plasmonic materials with tunable optical, surface-reactive, and catalytic properties. The synthetic methodologies and design concepts developed herein provide a versatile foundation toward advancing SERS-based molecular analytics, plasmon-assisted catalysis, and next-generation multimetallic nanomaterial platforms.