Gallium nitride (GaN) high-electron-mobility transistors (HEMTs) are indispensable in next-generation high-power and high-frequency systems owing to intrinsic advantages such as high electron mobility and high breakdown electric field. Fully exploi...
Gallium nitride (GaN) high-electron-mobility transistors (HEMTs) are indispensable in next-generation high-power and high-frequency systems owing to intrinsic advantages such as high electron mobility and high breakdown electric field. Fully exploiting these merits requires optimization of device scaling, gate architecture, and thermal management. In practice, achieving simultaneous high-power and high-frequency operation remains challenging because short-channel effects, parasitic delays, and self-heating limit device reliability and performance. This dissertation addresses these issues by developing and experimentally validating advanced device technologies that extend the electrical and thermal limits of GaN HEMTs. The research is organized into three domains: (1) device scaling, (2) gate structure engineering, and (3) thermal management.
First, device scaling was investigated through lateral and vertical dimensional variations. Lateral scaling showed that gate length reduction enhances transconductance and cutoff frequency owing to reduced carrier transit time, whereas excessive scaling induces severe short-channel effects and degrades breakdown robustness. Gate width and finger number had negligible influence on RF characteristics, while source–gate spacing affected only DC behavior. In contrast, reducing source–drain spacing improved RF
xiiimetrics at the expense of breakdown voltage. Vertical scaling using a thin InAlGaN barrier yielded significant gains in transconductance and high- frequency performance, confirming barrier engineering as a key factor for high-speed operation.
Second, gate structure engineering was implemented to suppress parasitic RC delays and enhance high-frequency response. Conventional T-gate structures exhibited lower gate resistance and parasitic capacitances than
planar-gate devices, resulting in improved fT
and f
max. A novel HSQ-assisted
gate architecture was further developed, combining the RF benefits of T-gates with the fabrication simplicity and compatibility of planar-gate technology.
Third, thermal management was enhanced by integrating an embedded microchannel cooling structure beneath the active region. This manifold reduced thermal resistance and channel temperature, thereby improving power-added efficiency, gain, and power-handling capability under high-power operation.
In conclusion, this dissertation establishes a unified framework for high- performance GaN HEMTs through systematic optimization of device scaling, gate architecture, and thermal management. The proposed technologies extend the electrical, thermal, and RF performance limits of GaN HEMTs, offering a pathway toward next-generation high-power, high-frequency semiconductor devices