Edoxaban tosylate is susceptible to oxidative, thermal, and hydrolytic degradation, necessitating systematic impurity identification and control to ensure product quality. This study aimed to characterize impurities formed in edoxaban tosylate drug pr...
Edoxaban tosylate is susceptible to oxidative, thermal, and hydrolytic degradation, necessitating systematic impurity identification and control to ensure product quality. This study aimed to characterize impurities formed in edoxaban tosylate drug products, develop a robust impurity test method using an Analytical Quality by Design (AQbD) approach, and evaluate impurity behavior under stability conditions.
Forced-degradation studies under thermal, humidity, and oxidative stress identified four major degradation products, which were isolated and structurally elucidated by MS, NMR, and spiking experiments. Their pharmacological relevance was assessed using activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) and prothrombin time (PT) assays. All impurities exhibited substantially lower anticoagulant activity than the parent drug, with some showing responses comparable to the negative control, indicating minimal pharmacological impact.
Risk assessment identified mobile-phase composition, pH, and column chemistry as critical method parameters affecting chromatographic performance. Design of Experiments–based screening and optimization enabled establishment of a Method Operable Design Region (MODR), which was experimentally verified. The finalized method was applied to six-month long-term and accelerated stability studies, during which all individual and total impurities remained within regulatory limits.
These results demonstrate that impurity levels formed during storage are unlikely to pose meaningful safety or efficacy risks. Overall, this study presents an integrated impurity-control strategy combining structural characterization, pharmacological assessment, AQbD-based method development, and stability evaluation, providing a robust scientific basis for impurity management in edoxaban drug products.