IMPORTANCE
Optimal antithrombotic therapy for patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and stable coronary artery disease (CAD) remains uncertain, particularly in the elderly, who are at heightened risk of both ischemic and bleeding events.
OBJECTIV...
IMPORTANCE
Optimal antithrombotic therapy for patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and stable coronary artery disease (CAD) remains uncertain, particularly in the elderly, who are at heightened risk of both ischemic and bleeding events.
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate whether the efficacy and safety of edoxaban monotherapy compared with dual antithrombotic therapy differ according to age in patients with AF and stable CAD.
DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS
This prespecified subanalysis of the randomized, open-label, investigator-initiated EPIC-CAD trial, conducted across 18 centers in Korea, included an intention-to-treat populations with a median follow up of 12 months. Patients were stratified by age (<65, 65-74, and >=75 years) and
followed for a median of 12 months. Clinical events were independently adjudicated by a blinded committee using standardized definitions.
INTERVENTIONS
Participants were randomized in a 1:1 ratio to receive edoxaban
monotherapy or edoxaban plus a single antiplatelet agent (aspirin or clopidogrel), in
accordance with standard practice.
MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES
The primary outcome was net adverse clinical events (NACE), a composite of all-cause mortality, myocardial infarction, stroke, systemic embolism, urgent unplanned revascularization, or major or clinically relevant nonmajor bleeding. Secondary outcomes included ischemic and bleeding events analyzed separately.
RESULTS
Of 1,040 patients, 181 were <65 years, 420 were 65-74 years, and 439 were >= 75 years. Among patients <65 years, NACE was 7.8% with monotherapy and 10.3% with dual therapy (aHR, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.31-2.00). In those aged 65-74 years, NACE was 7.8% vs 15.4% (aHR, 0.51; 95% CI, 0.29-0.90). In patients >=75 years, NACE was 5.0% vs 18.0% (aHR, 0.30; 95% CI, 0.16-0.57, P<.001). Benefits were consistent across ischemic and bleeding outcomes, with the most pronounced effect in the oldest group.
CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE
In this prespecified subanalysis of the EPIC-CAD trial, the clinical benefit of edoxaban monotherapy over dual therapy was most evident among patients aged >=75 years, with significant reductions in bleeding events. These findings suggest that the magnitude of the observed treatment benefit varied across age groups, with the largest absolute differences observed in patients aged 75 years or older.