Electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide (CO2RR) provides a sustainable route to convert CO2 into value-added products using renewable electricity. However, achieving stable operation at high current densities remains difficult due to electrolyte f...
Electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide (CO2RR) provides a sustainable route to convert CO2 into value-added products using renewable electricity. However, achieving stable operation at high current densities remains difficult due to electrolyte flooding and carbonate buildup in gas diffusion electrodes (GDEs), which hinder CO2 transport and reduce performance. In this study, gas diffusion layers (GDLs) composed of various carbon blacks were evaluated to examine how their morphology and hydrophobicity affect CO2RR behavior. The acetylene black (AB)-based GDL showed the best balance of conductivity, gas permeability, and surface wettability, leading to stable CO generation. However, flooding and salt formation caused gradual degradation under high current conditions. To mitigate this, mult-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were incorporated into the AB matrix to form a CNT-PTFE composite GDL. The CNT addition promoted a continuous hydrophobic network that enhanced gas transport while preventing electrolyte intrusion. The optimized electrode (AB/CNT50-30) achieved over 80% CO Faradaic efficiency for 150 hours at 400 mA cm-2, showing superior durability. This work demonstrates that structural control of GDLs can effectively balance hydrophobic stability and mass transport, offering a practical design strategy for durable and flooding-resistant electrodes in CO2 electroreduction.