β-Ga2O3, an ultra-wide-bandgap (UWBG) semiconductor, has attracted significant attention as a promising material for next-generation power electronic and ultraviolet (UV) optoelectronic devices due to its wide bandgap (4.7–4.9 eV) and high breakdow...
β-Ga2O3, an ultra-wide-bandgap (UWBG) semiconductor, has attracted significant attention as a promising material for next-generation power electronic and ultraviolet (UV) optoelectronic devices due to its wide bandgap (4.7–4.9 eV) and high breakdown electric field. However, its intrinsically low conductivity necessitates n-type doping, among which Si is the most widely adopted dopant owing to its high activation efficiency and stable substitutional incorporation into the lattice. This study systematically investigates the effects of Si doping concentration (0.5–2 wt%) and sintering temperature (1300–1500℃) on the structural and phase characteristics of ceramic sputtering targets, and further evaluates how target quality influences the properties of deposited thin films and the performance of UV photodetectors.
XRD, EDS, density measurements, and contact-angle analyses revealed that the 1 wt% Si-doped target sintered at 1500℃ exhibited the highest relative density (~93%), superior crystallinity, and a pronounced reduction in residual Si-related peaks, indicating the most effective Si incorporation. The surface free energy also remained stable under this condition, contributing to improved sputtering stability and reduced impurity release.
Thin films deposited using the optimized target showed enhanced crystallinity with increasing post-annealing temperature, and films annealed at 800℃ demonstrated the most uniform microstructure and stable optical properties. A 254nm UV photodetector fabricated using these films exhibited excellent performance, including a photocurrent of approximately 23.3μA at +4V, a high on/off ratio, a responsivity of 15.53 mA/W, and a detectivity of 3.02 × 1015 Jones.
Overall, this study experimentally identifies 1 wt% Si doping at 1500℃ as the optimal condition for producing high-density and highly crystalline β-Ga2O3 ceramic targets, and confirms that such targets enable high-quality thin-film growth and high-performance UV photodetectors. These findings provide important foundational insights for target engineering and thin-film process optimization aimed at improving the performance of β-Ga2O3 -based UWBG electronic and optoelectronic devices.