Fabrication and Characterization of DNA-based Materials for Electrochemical Energy Storage Devices

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

In the context of global industrialization and the urgent pursuit of carbon neutrality, battery technology has become a cornerstone of sustainable development. Among emerging materials, DNA—a green, biodegradable, and abundant natural polymer—has recently demonstrated great potential beyond its biological origins, particularly in the field of electrochemical energy storage. Owing to its rich functional groups, DNA can serve as an effective adhesive, enhancing interfacial bonding in solid-state electrolytes such as lithium lanthanum zirconium tungsten oxide (LLZWO), while also acting as a protective coating for commercial separators like PVDF and PP, thereby improving battery stability and ionic conductivity. Furthermore, DNA functions as a crystallization regulator in PVDF-based polymer electrolytes, effectively reducing crystallinity and boosting ionic transport. Remarkably, the incorporation of just 1% DNA results in superior electrochemical performance, including a high initial capacity of 120 mAh/g at 0.5C and stable cycling over 500 cycles. In addition, DNA can be employed as a biological template for the nucleation and controlled growth of lithium iron phosphate (LFP) nanoparticles. When combined with carbon nanotubes, the CNT@DNA composite enhances LFP dispersion and uniform particle formation, leading to cathodes that deliver 110 mAh/g at a high rate of 5C with 88% capacity retention after 2000 cycles. These findings highlight the versatility of DNA as a multifunctional, eco-friendly additive for next-generation high-performance lithium-ion batteries.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• CHAPTER 1. Introduction 1
• 1.1 General introduction 1
• 1.2 Lithium-ion batteries 2
• 1.2.1 Working principle of lithium-ion batteries 2
• 1.2.2 Key components of lithium-ion batteries 3
• 1.2.3 Advantages and limitations 8
• 1.2.4 The key performance indicators 8
• 1.3 Research progress of lithium-ion batteries 11
• 1.3.1 Development of electrode materials 11
• 1.3.2 Advances in electrolyte systems 17
• 1.3.3 Interface engineering 27
• 1.3.4 Advances in DFT calculation for battery research 31
• 1.4 Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) 33
• 1.4.1 Characteristics of DNA 33
• 1.4.2 Advantages of DNA applications 35
• 1.4.3 Applications of DNA in electrochemical devices 38
• 1.5 Research purpose and main contents 46
• 1.6 References 48
• CHAPTER 2. Organic-solvent-free Solution-induced LLZWO@DNA Coating for High-performance Lithium-ion Batteries 69
• 2.1 abstract 70
• 2.2 Introduction 71
• 2.3 Experimental methods 73
• 2.3.1 Materials 73
• 2.3.2 Sample preparation 73
• 2.4 Results and Discussion 75
• 2.5 Conclusion 93
• 2.6 References 94
• CHARPTER 3. DNA: Novel Crystallization Regulator for Solid Polymer Electrolytes in High -Performance Lithium-ion Batteries 101
• 3.1 Abstract 102
• 3.2 Introduction 103
• 3.3 Experimental methods 105
• 3.4 Results and discussion 107
• 3.5 Conclusion 123
• 3.6References 124
• CHARPTER 4. DNA-directed Fabrication of LiFePO4 Micro-roses as High- performance Electrodes for Lithium-ion Batteries 129
• 4.1 abstract 130
• 4.2 introduction 131
• 4.3 Experimental methods 132
• 4.3.1 Materials 132
• 4.3.2 Sample preparation 132
• 4.3.3 Characterization 134
• 4.4 Results and Discussion 135
• 4.5 Conclusion 144
• 4.6 References 145
• CHAPTER 5. Overall conclusion and future perspective 151
• 5.1 Overall conclusion 151
• 5.1.1 LLZWO@DNA Composite Separator Coating 151
• 5.1.2 PVDF@DNA Solid Polymer Electrolyte 152
• 5.1.3 LFP-CNT-DNA Micro-Roses 153
• 5.2 Future perspective 153
• CHAPTER 6. Achievements 155