The growing demand for higher operating temperature of aerospace engine components have intensified concerns over thermal degradation and shortened component lifetime. Thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) have therefore become indispensable in high-tempera...
The growing demand for higher operating temperature of aerospace engine components have intensified concerns over thermal degradation and shortened component lifetime. Thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) have therefore become indispensable in high-temperature applications. Since ceramic top-coating can mitigate heat transfer to the metal substrate, thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) have therefore become indispensable in materials for high-temperature applications. Because the durability of TBCs is largely governed by interfacial adhesion, cracking, and delamination resistance, traditional evaluation methods are insufficient for accurately comparing interfacial characteristics.
The purpose of the present study is to compare the interfacial behavior of TBCs with YSZ topcoat ceramic processed by three different techniques(i.e. APS, SPS, and EB-PVD). Hertzian and Vickers indentation tests enabled assessing elastic-plastic deformation, hardness, and crack resistance. Interfacial adhesion strength was evaluated through an adhesion test under tensile loading. In-situ observation of coating cracks and quantification of interfacial delamination resistance were made using modified four-point bending test.
Overall, in the APS coatings, lower porosity generally showed in better mechanical performance.
However, some high-porosity specimens exhibited improved behavior due to their distinct microstructural features. Because higher porosity can be advantageous for thermal insulation by reducing thermal conductivity, these findings suggest that it may be possible to design coatings that simultaneously achieve superior thermal barrier performance and adequate mechanical properties. The delamination resistance test further revealed that EB-PVD coatings possess the highest bending strength and interfacial delamination resistance, with crack initiation consistently with occurring within the substrate rather than the coating, indicating excellent fracture tolerance. In contrast, SPS coatings showed inferior mechanical and interfacial properties and appear unsuitable for aerospace applications.
The proposed delamination resistance test overcomes the limitations of existing methods by switching from displacement control to load control precisely at the onset of vertical cracking, enabling the transition from tensile to combined tensile-shear loading at the coating-substrate interface. The resulting load-drop behavior and calculated mechanical energy release rate G allow quantitative comparison of interfacial delamination resistance across coating types. Taken together, this study provides an improved methodology for evaluating TBC durability and offers insight into microstructural design strategies that may contribute to enhanced lifetime of high-temperature aerospace components.