파슬리 중 살균제의 재배기간 및 가공에 따른 잔류양상 연구 = Residual Patterns of Fungicides in Parsley as Affected Cultivation and Processing

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Residues of etridiazole and thiophanate-methyl, including it metabolite carbendazim, were monitored in parsley during field cultivation and subsequent processing. Field dissipation trials were performed to characterize temporal residue decline and to evaluate the applicability of pre-harvest residue limit (PHRL) estimation. Residue changes during washing and drying were also investigated. Field residue levels decreased with time. First order dissipation kinetics were observed and dissipation rates varied across fields. The reduction constant of etridiazole was -0.219~-0.12, and the biological half-life was 3.2~5.8 days. In addition, for the total residual amount of carbonendazim (thiophanate-methyl + carbendazim), the reduction constant was -0.292~-0.191, and the biological half-life was 2.4~3.6 days.
Residual levels measured at 7 day intervals before harvest accounted for less than 20% of the corresponding maximum residual limit (MRL) of all target compounds. For PHRL estimation, based on field 3, the slowest dissipation scenario observed in field trials, etridiazole presented 46.12 mg/kg 10 days before harvest and total carbendazim presented 242.8 mg/kg.
Since residue levels immediately after initial application could not be measured directly under repeated application conditions, initial residue was estimated using a probabilistic approach. Probability simulations including first-order dissipation modeling and Latin hypercube sampling were performed using distributions of dissipation rate constants and initial residual levels. The estimated residues after the last application were 0.98~1.57 mg/kg of etridiazol, 11.8~68.1 mg/kg of thiopanate-methyl and 9.7~44.9 mg/kg of total carbendazim, but the measured residues after the last application were 0.98 mg/kg of etridiazole, 11.3 mg/kg of thiopanate-methyl and 16.4 mg/kg of total carbendazim respectively, which were overestimated by 12% of etridiazole, 31% of thiopanate-methyl and 30% total cabendazim. As a result of the simulation by correcting this, all the measured values were within the 95% confidence interval of the estimated residual. The simulations allowed us to reproduce the observed variability in the field residual data and quantitatively evaluate the uncertainty.
As a result of checking the residual amount during washing and drying under treatment conditions, the cleaning removal efficiency varied from compound to compound, reflecting differences in physicochemical properties. The pesticide removal rate washed with running water was confirmed to be about 8% of etridiazole and about 47% of carbendazim. The concentration of residual pesticides increased by about 7.2 times due to water loss, and heat loss occurred by about 76% of etridiazole and 74-82%, Therefore, the concentration of the dried substance increased 1.7-fold for etridiazole and 1.3-1.8-fold for carbendazim. Residual change was achieved through concentration of residual concentration due to water loss during drying or decomposition and volatilization due to heat. As a moisture correction criterion, the concentration effect associated with weight loss exceeded the loss of residue, resulting in higher residue concentration in dried parsley.
The results clarify residue changes occurring during both production and processing of parsley and provide practical information for residue management. These observations may be useful for establishing residue control approaches for parsley and other vegetables and for evaluating pesticide residues in processed agricultural products.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. 서론 1
• 1. 연구 배경 및 필요성 1
• 2. 파슬리의 작물특성 2
• 3. 시험연구 대상농약 4
• 4. 연구 목적 5
• Ⅱ. 재료 및 방법 6
• 1. 시약 및 재료 6
• 2. 실험방법 8
• 2.1. 포장시험 8
• 2.2. 가공처리 12
• 3. 시료 전처리 13
• 3.1. Etridiazole 13
• 3.2. Thiophanate-methyl 및 carbendazim 13
• 4. 기기분석 15
• 4.1. Etridiazole 기기분석 조건 15
• 4.2. Thiophanate 및 carbendazim 기기분석 조건 18
• 4.3. 표준액 조제 21
• 4.4. 분석법 정량한계 21
• 4.5. 분석법 검증 22
• 5. 데이터 분석 23
• 5.1 잔류농약 소실 반감기 및 감소상수 산출 23
• 5.2 가공계수 산출 24
• Ⅲ. 결과 및 고찰 26
• 1. 기상 정보 26
• 2. 분석법 검증 28
• 3. 파슬리 중 잔류농약 및 소실특성 31
• 3.1 Etridiazole의 잔류 및 소실특성 31
• 3.2. Thiophanate-methyl 및 carbendazim의 잔류 및 소실특성 35
• 4. 파슬리 중 생산단계 농약 잔류허용기준 산출 43
• 5. 최초 약제 살포 시 잔류수준 추정 47
• 6. 파슬리 건조에 따른 잔류양상 58
• IV. 결론 61
• V. 참고문헌 63