The flow of knowledge among employees plays a crucial role in improving individual creativity and maintaining sustainable organizational development. Unfortunately, employees are not always willing to share knowledge, and sometimes intentionally engag...
The flow of knowledge among employees plays a crucial role in improving individual creativity and maintaining sustainable organizational development. Unfortunately, employees are not always willing to share knowledge, and sometimes intentionally engage in knowledge hiding. Therefore, confirming the organizational contextual and individual factors that impact knowledge behaviors is important. Although previous research has examined the antecedent effect of various types of organizational climate on knowledge behavior, the ethical perspective remains largely unexplored. Given the increasing concern over business fraud and ethical scandals, it is necessary to explore the ethical climate as a key predictor of knowledge behavior.
Drawing on social information processing theory, this study explores how two distinct ethical climates (caring vs. instrumental) affect knowledge sharing and hiding. Moreover, we examine the mediating role of employee’s organizational perception (support vs. competition) and the boundary conditions imposed by individual differences (interdependent vs. independent self-construal) according to social exchange theory and conservation of resource theory.
To test these hypotheses, we analyzed a two-wave, time-lagged sample collected from 379 employees in Chinese knowledge-based organizations. Results reveal that: (a) Ethical climate significantly predicts knowledge behavior. Specifically, caring ethical climate is positively related to knowledge sharing and negatively related to knowledge hiding, while instrumental ethical climate is positively related to knowledge hiding and negatively related to knowledge sharing. (b) Perceived organizational support partially mediates the relationship between caring ethical climate and knowledge sharing, while it fully mediates the relationship between caring ethical climate and knowledge hiding. On the contrary, perceived organizational competition partially mediates the relationship between instrumental ethical climate and knowledge sharing, while it fully mediates the relationship between instrumental ethical climate and knowledge hiding. (c) Interdependent self-construal amplifies the negative indirect effect of caring ethical climate on knowledge hiding via perceived organizational support, and attenuates the positive indirect effect of instrumental ethical climate on knowledge hiding via perceived organizational competition. However, interdependent self-construal does not significantly moderate the indirect effects of ethical climates on knowledge sharing. Moreover, independent self-construal fails to moderate any of the indirect effects of ethical climate on knowledge behaviors.
This study advances the existing literature by integrating the mediating role of employee’s organizational perception and the moderating role of self-construal, thus providing a comprehensive understanding of how different types of ethical climate affect employee knowledge behaviors. In addition, this study provides managers with practical guidance on building the ethical climate that prioritizes benevolence and supportive norms, thereby enhancing the knowledge management efficiency.