농업인의 농작업 안전요인에 관한 연구 = A Study on Safety Factors in Agricultural Work for Farmers

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study aims to identify the relationships among factors affecting farmers' safety behaviors in agricultural work, given the high incidence of agricultural work-related accidents and diseases relative to the overall industrial average, and to derive implications for agricultural work-related safety policies. To this end, agricultural work safety factors were derived by reviewing agricultural work-related safety policies. and prior research. A research model and hypotheses were established, comprising safety competencies (safety knowledge, safety motivation), safety beliefs (safety attitudes, subjective norms, self-efficacy), safety intentions, and safety behaviors. A self-administered questionnaire was collected through face–to -face interviews in the field from October 15 to October 30, targeting fruit farmers in Gangwon, Chungbuk, Jeonbuk, Gyeongbuk, and Gyeongnam provinces. A total of 311 questionnaires were used for analysis. The collected data were analyzed for frequency and reliability using SPSS 26.0. Hypotheses were tested through confirmatory factor analysis and covariance structure analysis using AMOS 26.0.
The results of testing the direct-effect hypotheses regarding farmers' safety factors in agricultural work are as follows. First, safety knowledge did not significantly affect safety attitudes or subjective norms, but it did significantly increase self-efficacy. Furthermore, safety motivation had a significant positive effect on safety attitudes, subjective norms, and self-efficacy. Second, safety attitudes, subjective norms, and self-efficacy all significantly affected (positively) safety intentions. Third, self-efficacy and safety intentions significantly affected (positively) safety behaviors.
Additionally, the results of testing the mediating hypotheses regarding farmers' safety factors in agricultural work are as follows. First, safety knowledge did not significantly affect safety intention when mediated by safety attitude and subjective norms, but it significantly (positively) affected safety intention when mediated by self-efficacy. Safety motivation significantly (positively) affected safety intention, with safety attitude, subjective norms, and self-efficacy mediating this effect. Second, safety knowledge and safety motivation exerted a significant (positive) effect on safety behavior through the mediation of self-efficacy. Third, safety knowledge did not affect safety behavior by sequentially mediating safety attitudes and safety intentions or subjective norms and safety intentions. However, it significantly affected safety behavior positively by sequentially mediating self-efficacy and safety intentions. Safety motivation was found to exert a significant positive effect on safety behavior by sequentially mediating through safety attitudes, subjective norms, self-efficacy, and safety intentions.
According to the results of this study, the likelihood of farmers engaging in safe behaviors increases as their level of safety knowledge regarding safe actions rises, their safety motivation strengthens, their safety attitudes become more positive, their self-efficacy increases, the encouragement and support for safe behaviors from their surroundings (reference group) grows, and their safety intentions intensify. Given that safety competence, safety beliefs, safety intention, and safety behavior form a sequential relationship structure where each affects the next, farmers' safety behaviors will be further strengthened if safety elements are balanced.
Based on the research findings, the following implications for agricultural work-related safety policies are proposed. First, to enhance farmers' safety knowledge, specific, field-oriented agricultural work-safety knowledge should be developed and promoted for each crop and work situation. Second, to actively motivate farmers toward safe behavior, it is necessary to develop an incentive system for farm work safety management. Third, to foster positive safety attitudes among farmers, the promotion of best practices in agricultural work safety management and the expansion of safety campaigns need to be further expanded. Fourth, agricultural safety leaders need to be trained and their competencies strengthened to serve as subjective norms that promote safe behavior among farmers. Fifth, to enhance farmers' self-efficacy regarding safe practices, practical safety education and training programs should be developed, and a support infrastructure established. Sixth, a nationwide occupational safety and health management support system needs to be established to support farmers' safety intentions. Seventh, it is necessary to expand national support for agricultural work-related safety programs to enable farmers to practice safe work practices consistently.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 제1장 서론 1
• 제1절 문제제기 1
• 제2절 연구목적 및 방법 4
• 1. 연구의 목적 4
• 2. 연구방법 및 범위 5
• 제3절 연구의 구성 6
• 제4절 선행연구 고찰 8
• 1. 농작업재해 관련 연구 8
• 2. 산업재해 관련 연구 11
• 3. 선행연구와의 차별성 17
• 제2장 농작업재해와 예방정책 18
• 제1절 농작업재해의 이해 18
• 1. 농작업재해와 유해위험요인 18
• 2. 농작업재해의 특성 23
• 제2절 농작업재해 발생현황 26
• 1. 농작업재해 통계 26
• 2. 농업인의 업무상 손상 및 질병 28
• 3. 농업분야 산업재해 33
• 4. 농작업 안전재해 35
• 5. 농기계사고 재해 41
• 6. 기타 농작업재해 43
• 제3절 농작업재해 예방정책 48
• 1. 농작업재해 관련 법령 48
• 2. 농작업재해 예방체계 52
• 3. 농작업재해 예방사업 57
• 제3장 농작업 안전요인에 대한 고찰 67
• 제1절 안전역량 67
• 1. 안전역량의 개념 67
• 2. 안전역량의 구성요소 70
• 3. 안전역량의 주요 영향요인 76
• 제2절 안전신념과 안전의도 80
• 1. 안전신념과 안전의도의 개념 80
• 2. 안전신념의 구성요소 82
• 3. 안전신념과 안전의도의 주요 영향요인 85
• 제3절 안전행동 89
• 1. 안전행동의 개념 89
• 2. 안전행동의 구성요소 91
• 3. 안전행동의 주요 영향요인 93
• 제4장 연구의 설계와 분석방법 98
• 제1절 연구모형과 가설 98
• 1. 연구모형 98
• 2. 연구가설 99
• 제2절 변수의 조작적 정의와 설문구성 103
• 1. 변수의 조작적 정의 103
• 2. 설문의 구성 104
• 제3절 자료수집과 분석 108
• 1. 조사대상의 선정 108
• 2. 자료수집 111
• 3. 분석방법 112
• 제5장 연구결과 114
• 제1절 기초 통계 분석 114
• 1. 조사 대상의 특성 114
• 2. 주요 변수의 기술통계 117
• 제2절 측정모형의 검증 119
• 1. 측정모형의 적합도 검증 119
• 2. 신뢰도 분석 121
• 3. 확인적 요인분석 122
• 4. 타당도 분석 124
• 제3절 연구모형 및 가설검증 127
• 1. 연구모형의 적합도 검증 127
• 2. 기본가설 검증 128
• 3. 매개가설 검증 135
• 제6장 요약 및 시사점 142
• 제1절 연구결과 요약 142
• 제2절 연구의 시사점 143
• 참고문헌 150
• <부록 > 설문지 163