건설공사발주자의 안전보건역할과 현장 안전보건관리 영향구조에 관한 연구 = A Study on the Structural Effects of Construction Project Owner's Safety and Health Roles on On-Site Safety and Health

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study aims to empirically analyze the structural pathways of effects through which the safety and health roles of construction project owners influence on-site safety and health management, focusing on construction projects commissioned by government public institutions. With the institutionalization of owners’ safety and health obligations under the Occupational Safety and Health Act, public institutions are increasingly required to fulfill their safety management responsibilities as construction project owners.

However, empirical evidence remains limited regarding how owners’ safety and health roles are carried out at each construction stage and through what pathways and structural mechanisms these roles affect the level of on-site safety and health management. As a result, in practice, such roles have often been implemented in a largely formal manner. In response to this limitation, this study classifies and clarifies owners’ safety and health roles by construction stage and examines the structural pathways through which these roles exert effects on on-site safety and health management, thereby providing empirical evidence to support the substantive implementation of owners’ responsibilities.
The analysis utilizes evaluation data from construction projects commissioned by public institutions, obtained from the government-administered Safety Activity Level Evaluation for Public Institutions. Construction project owners’ safety and health roles are categorized into establishment of a safety and health management system, planning-stage activities, design-stage activities, and construction-stage activities. The level of on-site safety and health management is operationalized through the formation of a safety and health work environment and the implementation of safety and health measures. After verifying the reliability and validity of the measurement instruments, structural equation modeling (SEM) is applied to examine the direct effects and mediating effects of owners’ stage-specific safety and health roles on on-site safety and health management.

Correlation analysis showed that safety and health activities in the planning and design stages were associated to a certain extent with the level of on-site safety and health management. However, the analysis of direct and indirect effects revealed a different pattern. The establishment of the client’s safety and health management system and safety and health activities carried out during the construction stage emerged as the key factors exerting statistically significant direct effects on both the formation of the on-site safety and health environment and the level of safety and health measures implemented at construction sites. In contrast, safety and health activities in the planning and design stages did not demonstrate statistically significant effects. These findings suggest that the client’s role in safety and health becomes concrete at the site level through execution during the construction stage, based on an established management system.

The vulnerability analysis further showed that many sub-items related to safety and health activities in the planning and design stages fell below the reference mean or displayed variations among institutions, and that some activities were implemented in a largely formalistic manner. This limited level of implementation helps explain why planning- and design-stage activities did not exhibit statistically significant direct or indirect effects on on-site safety and health management in the impact structure analysis.

In conclusion, construction project owners’ safety and health activities are organized within an interconnected structure spanning all stages of construction projects. Nevertheless, the primary pathways that exert substantive effects on on-site safety and health management are centered on the establishment of a safety and health management system and the execution of safety and health activities during the construction stage.

Keyword : Construction Project Owners, Safety and Health Roles, On-Site Safety and Health Management, Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), Primary Pathways

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 제1장 서 론 1
• 1.1 연구 배경 1
• 1.2 연구 목적 6
• 1.3 연구 내용 및 범위 8
• 제2장 이론적 고찰 11
• 2.1 공공 발주현장 산업재해 발생 현황 11
• 2.2 발주자 정의와 역할 16
• 2.2.1 산업안전보건법상 발주자 정의 16
• 2.2.2 건설공사발주자 의무와 역할 17
• 2.3 발주자 안전관련 선행연구 고찰 20
• 2.3.1 국내외 선행연구 고찰 20
• 2.3.2 선행연구 시사점 33
• 2.4 통계분석의 이론적 고찰 38
• 2.4.1 신뢰도 및 타당도 검증(Reliability & Validity) 38
• 2.4.2 확인적 요인분석(Confirmatory Factor Analysis, CFA) 39
• 2.4.3 기술통계분석(Descriptive Statistics) 40
• 2.4.4 독립표본 t-검정(Independent Samples t-test) 41
• 2.4.5 상관분석(Correlation Analysis) 42
• 2.4.6 회귀분석(Regression Analysis) 43
• 2.4.7 매개효과 분석(Mediation Analysis) 44
• 2.4.8 Sobel 검증(Sobel Test) 44
• 제3장 건설공사 발주자 안전활동 수준평가 49
• 3.1 평가 개요 49
• 3.2 지표의 개발 및 구성 51
• 3.3 지표의 세부 내용 분석 53
• 3.3.1 평가 범위 및 체계 53
• 3.3.2 항목별 세부 내용 분석 55
• 3.4 안전관리 인식도 조사 분석 58
• 3.4.1 조사 개요 58
• 3.4.2. 조사 결과 분석 59
• 3.5 소결 67
• 제4장 공사단계별 발주자 안전보건활동과 영향 분석 69
• 4.1 연구모형 및 가설설정 69
• 4.1.1 연구모형 69
• 4.1.2 연구가설 70
• 4.2 분석 방법 및 결과 72
• 4.2.1 확인적 요인분석 73
• 4.2.2 신뢰도 분석 75
• 4.2.3 평가 대상 기관의 일반적 특성 76
• 4.2.4 공사단계별 주요 변수의 특성 78
• 4.2.5 일반적 특성에 따른 주요 변수의 차이 81
• 4.2.6 주요 변수 간 상관관계 분석 84
• 4.2.7 연구가설 검증을 위한 매개효과분석 86
• 4.3 소결 91
• 제5장 공사단계별 발주자 안전보건활동 개선방안 94
• 5.1 발주자 안전보건활동 취약점 분석 94
• 5.1.1 업무체계 구축의 취약점 97
• 5.1.2 계획단계 안전보건활동 취약점 98
• 5.1.3 설계단계 안전관리활동 취약점 104
• 5.1.4 시공단계 안전보건활동 취약점 109
• 5.1.5 현장 안전보건조치 취약점 114
• 5.1.6 현장 안전보건환경조성 취약점 119
• 5.2 발주자 안전보건활동 개선 방안 제시 122
• 5.3 소결 127
• 제6장 결론 130
• 6.1 연구 결론 130
• 6.2 시사점 및 향후 연구 방향 132
• 6.2.1 시사점 132
• 6.2.2 향후 연구 방향 133
• 참고문헌 134