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    긍정심리학 기반 음악치료가 주간보호시설 노인의 자아존중감・우울・정서에 미치는 영향

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    https://www.riss.kr/link?id=T17368432

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    다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract) kakao i 다국어 번역

    This study investigated the effects of a positive psychology–based music therapy program on self-esteem, depressive symptoms, and affective well-being among older adults attending adult day-care centers, and explored participants' lived experiences of program participation.
    A convergent mixed-methods design with parallel implementation was employed. The quantitative component used a nonequivalent control group pretest–posttest design with a total of 32 older adults (experimental group: n = 16; control group: n = 16). Participants were recruited from a single adult day-care center, and group allocation was determined by day-of-week attendance (Saturday program participants vs. non-Saturday users). The experimental group received a structured group intervention delivered over 12 weeks (12 weekly sessions; 50 minutes per session), grounded in the PERMA model (Positive Emotion, Engagement, Relationships, Meaning, and Accomplishment). Sessions integrated music storytelling, Voice Movement Therapy (VMT; coordinated vocalization with gentle movement), and group singing, with PERMA elements applied cyclically. Outcomes were assessed one week before and one week after the intervention using the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, a study-specific 7-item short form derived from the Beck Depression Inventory–II (BDI-II), and the Korean Positive and Negative Affect Schedule. Nonparametric tests were conducted to examine within-group pre–post changes (Wilcoxon signed-rank test) and between-group differences in change scores (Mann–Whitney U test).
    For the qualitative component, individual interviews with purposively selected participants (n = 5), participant observation notes, and written materials were analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis informed by phenomenological procedures. Quantitative and qualitative findings were integrated at the interpretation stage to enhance analytic rigor and generate meta-inferences.
    Compared with the control group, the experimental group demonstrated significantly greater improvements in self-esteem (M = 2.44 → 3.44 vs. 2.42 → 2.39; z = −4.824, p < .001) and significantly greater reductions in depressive symptoms (M = 0.98 → 0.54 vs. 0.96 → 1.32; z = −4.411, p < .001). Positive affect increased more in the experimental group than in the control group (M = 2.69 → 3.67 vs. 2.74 → 2.65; z = −4.193, p < .001), and an overall affect index (positive affect combined with reverse-scored negative affect) also improved significantly more in the experimental group (M = 2.83 → 3.52 vs. 2.94 → 2.99; z = −3.775, p < .001). Between-group differences in negative affect change were not statistically significant (z = −1.021, p = .307).
    Qualitative findings converged with the quantitative results and illustrated a multi-stage change process characterized by (a) a shift in therapeutic engagement from psychological safety to voluntary participation and self-discovery, (b) meaning reconstruction through culturally shared memories, (c) embodied self-expression via voice–body integration, (d) enhanced self-awareness and emotional recovery, and (e) strengthened relationships and social connectedness.
    Overall, a PERMA-informed, culturally grounded music therapy program integrating music storytelling and VMT was associated with statistically significant improvements in self-esteem, depressive symptoms, and affective well-being, with a large within-group effect for depressive symptoms in the experimental group (r = 0.80). These mixed-methods findings suggest that narrative- and embodiment-based musical experiences may support well-being through pathways consistent with positive psychology. Replication in larger, randomized, multi-site trials and further psychometric validation of the short-form depression measure are warranted.

    Keywords: PERMA; music therapy; music storytelling; Voice Movement Therapy (VMT); self-esteem; depressive symptoms; affective well-being; older adults; adult day-care centers
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    This study investigated the effects of a positive psychology–based music therapy program on self-esteem, depressive symptoms, and affective well-being among older adults attending adult day-care centers, and explored participants' lived experiences ...

    This study investigated the effects of a positive psychology–based music therapy program on self-esteem, depressive symptoms, and affective well-being among older adults attending adult day-care centers, and explored participants' lived experiences of program participation.
    A convergent mixed-methods design with parallel implementation was employed. The quantitative component used a nonequivalent control group pretest–posttest design with a total of 32 older adults (experimental group: n = 16; control group: n = 16). Participants were recruited from a single adult day-care center, and group allocation was determined by day-of-week attendance (Saturday program participants vs. non-Saturday users). The experimental group received a structured group intervention delivered over 12 weeks (12 weekly sessions; 50 minutes per session), grounded in the PERMA model (Positive Emotion, Engagement, Relationships, Meaning, and Accomplishment). Sessions integrated music storytelling, Voice Movement Therapy (VMT; coordinated vocalization with gentle movement), and group singing, with PERMA elements applied cyclically. Outcomes were assessed one week before and one week after the intervention using the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, a study-specific 7-item short form derived from the Beck Depression Inventory–II (BDI-II), and the Korean Positive and Negative Affect Schedule. Nonparametric tests were conducted to examine within-group pre–post changes (Wilcoxon signed-rank test) and between-group differences in change scores (Mann–Whitney U test).
    For the qualitative component, individual interviews with purposively selected participants (n = 5), participant observation notes, and written materials were analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis informed by phenomenological procedures. Quantitative and qualitative findings were integrated at the interpretation stage to enhance analytic rigor and generate meta-inferences.
    Compared with the control group, the experimental group demonstrated significantly greater improvements in self-esteem (M = 2.44 → 3.44 vs. 2.42 → 2.39; z = −4.824, p < .001) and significantly greater reductions in depressive symptoms (M = 0.98 → 0.54 vs. 0.96 → 1.32; z = −4.411, p < .001). Positive affect increased more in the experimental group than in the control group (M = 2.69 → 3.67 vs. 2.74 → 2.65; z = −4.193, p < .001), and an overall affect index (positive affect combined with reverse-scored negative affect) also improved significantly more in the experimental group (M = 2.83 → 3.52 vs. 2.94 → 2.99; z = −3.775, p < .001). Between-group differences in negative affect change were not statistically significant (z = −1.021, p = .307).
    Qualitative findings converged with the quantitative results and illustrated a multi-stage change process characterized by (a) a shift in therapeutic engagement from psychological safety to voluntary participation and self-discovery, (b) meaning reconstruction through culturally shared memories, (c) embodied self-expression via voice–body integration, (d) enhanced self-awareness and emotional recovery, and (e) strengthened relationships and social connectedness.
    Overall, a PERMA-informed, culturally grounded music therapy program integrating music storytelling and VMT was associated with statistically significant improvements in self-esteem, depressive symptoms, and affective well-being, with a large within-group effect for depressive symptoms in the experimental group (r = 0.80). These mixed-methods findings suggest that narrative- and embodiment-based musical experiences may support well-being through pathways consistent with positive psychology. Replication in larger, randomized, multi-site trials and further psychometric validation of the short-form depression measure are warranted.

    Keywords: PERMA; music therapy; music storytelling; Voice Movement Therapy (VMT); self-esteem; depressive symptoms; affective well-being; older adults; adult day-care centers

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    목차 (Table of Contents)

    • 목 차 ⅰ
    • 표 목 차 ⅴ
    • 그림목차 ⅶ
    • Ⅰ. 서 론 1
    • 1. 연구의 필요성과 목적 1
    • 목 차 ⅰ
    • 표 목 차 ⅴ
    • 그림목차 ⅶ
    • Ⅰ. 서 론 1
    • 1. 연구의 필요성과 목적 1
    • 2. 연구 문제 및 가설 5
    • 3. 용어 정의 7
    • 1) 주간보호시설 7
    • 2) 긍정심리학과 PERMA 모델 7
    • 3) 음악치료 8
    • 4) 뮤직스토리텔링 8
    • 5) 보이스 무브먼트 테라피(Voice Movement Therapy, VMT) 9
    • 6) 자아존중감 10
    • 7) 우울 10
    • 8) 정서 10
    • Ⅱ. 이론적 배경 11
    • 1. 노인의 심리사회적 특성 11
    • 1) 노인의 자아존중감 11
    • 2) 노인의 우울 12
    • 3) 노인의 정서 14
    • 4) 자아존중감・우울・정서의 상호관계 16
    • 2. 긍정심리학과 PERMA 모델 19
    • 1) 긍정심리학의 개념 19
    • 2) 긍정심리학 기반 접근 20
    • 3) PERMA 구성요소 20
    • 4) PERMA 모델과 노인 음악치료의 통합적 접근 24
    • 5) 긍정심리학적 관점에서 본 노년기 강점 26
    • 3. 음악치료 28
    • 1) 음악치료의 개념과 효과 28
    • 2) 노인 대상 음악치료 29
    • 3) 긍정심리학 기반 음악치료 이론과 적용 가능성 30
    • 4) 한국 노인의 문화적 특성과 음악치료 적용 31
    • 5) 주간보호시설 음악치료의 실천적 근거 37
    • 4. 주간보호시설 노인의 특성 40
    • 1) 인구사회학적 취약성 40
    • 2) 심리・정서적 특성 41
    • 3) 인지기능 저하와 행동・심리증상(BPSD) 44
    • 4) 시설환경의 심리사회적 영향 46
    • 5. 노인 음악치료 선행연구 49
    • 1) 국내 선행연구 분석 49
    • 2) 국외 선행연구 분석 55
    • 6. 본 연구의 의의 64
    • 1) 기존 연구와 차별성 64
    • 2) 학술적 의의 64
    • 3) 실천적 의의 65
    • Ⅲ. 연구 방법 66
    • 1. 연구설계 66
    • 1) 양적 연구 설계 66
    • 2) 질적 연구 설계 72
    • 2. 연구 대상 74
    • 1) 연구 대상 선정 기준 및 표집 방법 74
    • 2) 윤리적 고려사항 75
    • 3. 연구 도구 76
    • 1) 양적 연구 도구 76
    • 2) 질적 연구 도구 78
    • 4. 긍정심리학 기반 음악치료 프로그램 79
    • 1) 프로그램 개발 과정 79
    • 2) 프로그램의 구성 및 내용 87
    • 3) PERMA 모델 기반 음악치료 기법 89
    • 4) 뮤직스토리텔링과 VMT 통합 기법 91
    • 5) 회기별 목표 및 활동 93
    • 5. 자료 수집 및 분석 132
    • 1) 자료 수집 절차 132
    • 2) 양적 자료 분석 132
    • 3) 질적 자료 분석 137
    • Ⅳ. 연구 결과 139
    • 1. 연구 참여자 특성 139
    • 1) 인구통계학적 특성 139
    • 2) 실험군과 대조군 동질성 검증 141
    • 2. 양적 연구 결과 148
    • 1) 집단 간 변화량 차이 분석 148
    • 2) 변인 간 상관관계 분석 151
    • 3) 집단 내 변화 분석 155
    • 3. 질적 연구 결과 164
    • 1) 참여자 반응 및 관찰 효과 164
    • 2) 참여 경험의 치료적 의미 182
    • 3) 뮤직스토리텔링 경험과 문화적 공감 184
    • 4) VMT를 통한 자기표현 경험 186
    • 5) 자아인식의 변화와 자아존중감 회복 188
    • 6) 우울 극복과 정서적 회복 191
    • 7) 개별 사례 분석 194
    • 4. 양적 및 질적 결과의 통합적 해석 209
    • 1) 양적・질적 연구 결과의 통합 분석 209
    • 2) 뮤직스토리텔링과 VMT의 통합적 효과 214
    • 3) 변화 과정의 핵심 요인 218
    • 4) 주간보호시설 환경에서의 효과 220
    • Ⅴ. 고 찰 226
    • Ⅵ. 결 론 245
    • 1. 연구 결과 요약 245
    • 2. 연구의 한계 248
    • 3. 후속 연구를 위한 제언 250
    • 참 고 문 헌 252
    • 영 문 초 록 286
    • 부 록 289
    • 감 사 의 글 300
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