건강신념모형 기반 중환자실 간호사의 방사선 방어행위 영향요인 = Factors Influencing Radiation Protection Behaviors among Intensive Care Unit Nurses Based on the Health Belief Model

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this study was to identify the level of radiation protection behaviors among intensive care unit (ICU) nurses and to determine the factors influencing these behaviors based on the Health Belief Model (HBM). Specifically, the study examined individual cognitive factors—perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, cues to action, and self-efficacy—to provide foundational data for developing interventions to enhance ICU nurses’ radiation protection behaviors.
The participants were 156 ICU nurses working in general and higher-level hospitals in D metropolitan city. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire from August 11 to September 30, 2025, with the cooperation of nursing departments and head nurses of ICUs. The instruments included items on general and radiation-related job characteristics, HBM variables (perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, cues to action, and self-efficacy), and radiation protection behaviors. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation coefficients, and multiple regression analysis.
The main results were as follows. First, the mean score for radiation protection behaviors was 23.31±5.60 out of 40, and the mean item score was 2.91±0.70 on a 5-point scale, indicating a level below the moderate range. When converted to a 5-point scale, the mean scores of the HBM variables were 3.58±0.59 for perceived susceptibility, 3.39±0.86 for perceived severity, and 3.76±0.47 for perceived benefits, indicating above-moderate levels, while perceived barriers scored 3.27±0.83, indicating a moderate level. Cues to action had the lowest mean score at 2.54±0.87, whereas self-efficacy showed the highest at 3.80±0.49.
Second, there were no statistically significant differences in radiation protection behaviors according to general characteristics, including sex, age, marital status, ICU clinical career, position, subjective health status, perceived need for radiation safety education, and the number of daily X-ray exposures.
Third, correlation analysis showed that radiation protection behaviors were positively correlated with perceived benefits (r= .24, p= .002) and cues to action (r= .54, p< .001), and negatively correlated with perceived barriers (r= −.33, p< .001).
Fourth, multiple regression analysis revealed that cues to action (β= .47, p< .001), perceived barriers (β=−.18, p = .012), and perceived benefits (β= .18, p= .017) were significant predictors of radiation protection behaviors. Cues to action had the greatest influence, followed by perceived barriers and perceived benefits. The regression model was statistically significant (F= 13.81, p< .001), and the adjusted R² was .33, indicating that these variables explained 33.0% of the variance in radiation protection behaviors.
In conclusion, radiation protection behaviors among ICU nurses are closely associated with cues to action, perceived barriers, and perceived benefits. To enhance radiation protection behaviors, it is essential to systematically provide cues to action linked to actual clinical situations and to implement education and feedback programs that repeatedly emphasize the benefits of radiation protection. At the same time, organizational support and policy measures are required to alleviate barriers—such as lack of protective equipment, time and workload burden, and environmental constraints—and to improve access to radiation protective devices.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 목 차 ⅰ
• 표 목 차 ⅲ
• 그림목차 ⅳ
• Ⅰ. 서 론 01
• 1. 연구 필요성 01
• 2. 연구 목적 05
• 3. 용어 정의 06
• Ⅱ. 문헌고찰 10
• 1. 간호사의 방사선 피폭위험 10
• 2. 간호사의 방사선 방어행위 12
• 3. 간호사의 방사선 방어행위 영향요인 14
• 4. 이론적 기틀 16
• 1) 건강신념 모형(Health Belief Model) 16
• 2) 연구의 개념적 기틀 19
• Ⅲ. 연구 방법 21
• 1. 연구 설계 21
• 2. 연구 대상 21
• 3. 연구 도구 22
• 4. 자료 수집 방법 27
• 5. 윤리적 고려 27
• 6. 자료 분석 방법 28
• Ⅳ. 연구 결과 29
• 1. 연구대상자의 일반적 특성 29
• 2. 건강신념모형을 적용한 방사선 방어행위 수행 관련 요인 31
• 3. 연구 대상자의 일반적 특성에 따른 방사선 방어행위 수행정도 33
• 4. 건강신념모형 요인과 방사선 방어행위 수행과의 상관관계 47
• 5. 방사선 방어행위 수행에 영향을 미치는 요인 49
• Ⅴ. 논 의 51
• Ⅵ. 결 론 및 제언 62
• 참 고 문 헌 64
• 영 문 초 록 76
• 부 록 79
• 감 사 의 글 89