감기에 대한 침 치료 효과 : 체계적 문헌고찰 및 메타분석

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Background
The common cold is a viral disease that typically resolves naturally but causes inconvenience in daily life, and acupuncture treatment has been actively studied for improving symptoms and shortening the duration of the illness.
Objectives
To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of acupuncture in the treatment of the common cold.
Methods
Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on acupuncture treatment for the common cold were identified from nine databases without language restrictions (from inception to October 14, 2024). Two reviewers independently performed study selection, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool version 2 (RoB 2). Meta-analysis was conducted using RevMan 9.8.2, and the certainty of evidence was evaluated using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach.
Results
Seven randomized controlled trials involving 751 patients with the common cold were included. Meta-analysis showed that acupuncture significantly improved the total effective rate compared to conventional Western medication alone, with no observed heterogeneity (RR 1.07, 95% CI 1.02–1.12). Acupuncture also relieved fever score more than conventional treatment (SMD = -0.29, 95% CI -0.51 to -0.07), and shortened the time to reduce body temperature by 0.5℃ (SMD = -0.42, 95% CI -0.72 to -0.13). Furthermore, acupuncture significantly reduced the total symptom Score at 24 hours post-treatment (SMD = -0.69, 95% CI -0.91 to -0.47). Three studies explicitly reported adverse events, with no adverse reactions observed in the acupuncture groups. Overall, acupuncture demonstrated favorable efficacy and safety with moderate certainty of evidence.
Conclusion
Acupuncture may be effective in alleviating common cold symptoms and shortening fever duration with a favorable safety profile, suggesting it as a viable clinical option for the common cold. However, due to study heterogeneity and risk of bias, further high-quality multicenter clinical trials with standardized outcome measures and longer follow-up are needed.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 목 차 ⅰ
• 표 목 차 ⅳ
• 그림목차 ⅴ
• Ⅰ. 서 론 01
• Ⅱ. 연구 방법 03
• 1. 문헌 검색 03
• 2. 선정 및 제외 기준 04
• 1) 연구대상자 04
• 2) 시험군 및 대조군 04
• 3) 평가지표 04
• 4) 연구 설계 05
• 3. 문헌 선별 06
• 4. 자료 추출 06
• 5. 자료의 합성 및 분석 07
• 6. 비뚤림 위험 평가 07
• 7. 근거 수준 평가 07
• Ⅲ. 결 과 08
• 1. 문헌 선별 08
• 2. 포함된 연구의 특성 10
• 1) 출판연도 및 국가 10
• 2) 연구 설계 10
• 3) 연구대상자 10
• 4) 침 치료 중재 방법 11
• 5) 치료기간 12
• 6) 평가지표 12
• 3. 치료 효과 분석 16
• 1) 침 치료군과 양약 대조군 비교 16
• (1) 감기 총 증상 점수 16
• (2) 감기 총 증상 기간 17
• (3) 개별증상(코막힘, 콧물, 기침, 발열 등) 점수 18
• (4) 개별증상(코막힘, 콧물, 기침, 발열 등) 기간 19
• (5) 총유효율 21
• (6) 이상반응 22
• 2) 침-한약 병행 치료군과 한약 단독 치료군 비교 23
• (1) 감기 총 증상 점수 23
• (2) 감기 총 증상 기간 23
• (3) 개별증상(코막힘, 콧물, 기침, 발열 등) 점수 23
• (4) 개별증상(코막힘, 콧물, 기침, 발열 등) 기간 23
• (5) 총유효율 24
• 3) 침-양약 병행 치료군과 양약 단독 치료군 비교 25
• (1) 개별증상(코막힘, 콧물, 기침, 발열 등) 기간 25
• (2) 총유효율 25
• 4. 비뚤림 위험 평가 26
• 1) 무작위과정에서 발생하는 편향 26
• 2) 의도한 중재에서 이탈로 인한 편향 26
• 3) 중재결과 자료의 결측으로 인한 편향 26
• 4) 중재결과 측정으로 인한 편향 26
• 5) 보고된 연구결과 선택으로 발생하는 편향 27
• 5. GRADE 평가 30
• Ⅳ. 고 찰 31
• Ⅴ. 결 론 35
• 참 고 문 헌 36
• 영 문 초 록 40
• 부 록 43
• Acknowledgement 48