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      17-4PH 스테인리스강의 단련재-적층성형체간 이종 용접부의 기계적 특성 향상을 위한 열처리 설계

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      https://www.riss.kr/link?id=T17367863

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      In this study, we systematically evaluated the microstructure, precipitation behavior, and mechanical properties of dissimilar welds between wrought and additively manufactured(AM) 17-4PH stainless steels, focusing on the AM base-metal conditions (solution-treated vs. solution-treated and aged). In the as-welded condition, the weld metal showed no macroscopic defects, but differences in thermal-history caused microstructural and hardness variations within the Heat-Affected Zone(HAZ). The precipitation response in HAZ depended on the AM base-metal heat treatment condition. Pre-aged AM material exhibited suppressed welding-induced precipitation due to pre-existing Cu-rich precipitates(CRP). TEM analysis showed that pre-aged wrought-AM dissimilar welds contained fine BCC-CRPs in the wrought-ICHAZ, whereas the AM-ICHAZ showed fine B2-CRPs and coarse detwinned 9R-CRPs. This indicates that pre-existing CRP in the AM base metal is a key factor responsible for the reduced precipitation during welding. Post-weld heat treatment(PWHT) at 550 ℃ promoted sufficient Cu diffusion in welds made with the solution treated AM base metal, effectively suppressing development of softening region. Consequently, the hardness mismatch between the wrought and AM-HAZ was minimized, leading to the highest tensile properties. In contrast, at 480 ℃, a softened region appeared near the ICHAZ and became the fracture site during deformation. The softening resulted from low dislocation density and localized precipitation in as-welded state, while PWHT further delayed new CRP precipitation and promoted pre-existing CRP coarsening due to slow Cu diffusion. TEM analysis and strengthening-mechanism estimations demonstrated that these microstructural changes led to softening and early failure. In summary, achieving reliable mechanical performance in wrought–AM 17-4PH dissimilar welds require optimizing both the AM base-metal heat treatment and post-weld heat-treatment temperature to control precipitation and prevent softening. This work clarifies the microstructural stability and precipitation mechanism of 17-4PH wrought–AM dissimilar welds, providing design insights for improving structural reliability under high loads.
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      In this study, we systematically evaluated the microstructure, precipitation behavior, and mechanical properties of dissimilar welds between wrought and additively manufactured(AM) 17-4PH stainless steels, focusing on the AM base-metal conditions (sol...

      In this study, we systematically evaluated the microstructure, precipitation behavior, and mechanical properties of dissimilar welds between wrought and additively manufactured(AM) 17-4PH stainless steels, focusing on the AM base-metal conditions (solution-treated vs. solution-treated and aged). In the as-welded condition, the weld metal showed no macroscopic defects, but differences in thermal-history caused microstructural and hardness variations within the Heat-Affected Zone(HAZ). The precipitation response in HAZ depended on the AM base-metal heat treatment condition. Pre-aged AM material exhibited suppressed welding-induced precipitation due to pre-existing Cu-rich precipitates(CRP). TEM analysis showed that pre-aged wrought-AM dissimilar welds contained fine BCC-CRPs in the wrought-ICHAZ, whereas the AM-ICHAZ showed fine B2-CRPs and coarse detwinned 9R-CRPs. This indicates that pre-existing CRP in the AM base metal is a key factor responsible for the reduced precipitation during welding. Post-weld heat treatment(PWHT) at 550 ℃ promoted sufficient Cu diffusion in welds made with the solution treated AM base metal, effectively suppressing development of softening region. Consequently, the hardness mismatch between the wrought and AM-HAZ was minimized, leading to the highest tensile properties. In contrast, at 480 ℃, a softened region appeared near the ICHAZ and became the fracture site during deformation. The softening resulted from low dislocation density and localized precipitation in as-welded state, while PWHT further delayed new CRP precipitation and promoted pre-existing CRP coarsening due to slow Cu diffusion. TEM analysis and strengthening-mechanism estimations demonstrated that these microstructural changes led to softening and early failure. In summary, achieving reliable mechanical performance in wrought–AM 17-4PH dissimilar welds require optimizing both the AM base-metal heat treatment and post-weld heat-treatment temperature to control precipitation and prevent softening. This work clarifies the microstructural stability and precipitation mechanism of 17-4PH wrought–AM dissimilar welds, providing design insights for improving structural reliability under high loads.

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      목차 (Table of Contents)

      • 목차 1
      • Abstract 3
      • List of tables and figures 6
      • 제1 장. 서 론 12
      • 목차 1
      • Abstract 3
      • List of tables and figures 6
      • 제1 장. 서 론 12
      • 제2 장. 이론적 배경
      • 제1 절. 17-4PH 스테인리스강의 개요 15 1) 17-4PH 스테인리스강의 특징 15 2) 17-4PH 스테인리스강의 석출 거동 및 기계적 특성 19
      • 3) 적층제조재와 단련재의 미세조직 및 특성 차이 24
      • 제2 절. 17-4PH 스테인리스강의 용접 특성과 열 영향부 거동 30 1) 17-4PH 스테인리스강의 용접부 특성 30
      • 2) 17-4PH 스테인리스강의 열 영향부 특성 34
      • 3) 17-4PH 스테인리스강 용접부 연구개발동향 38
      • 제3 장. 실험 방법
      • 제1 절. 시편 준비 40
      • 제2 절. 용접 공정 및 조건 43
      • 제3 절. 용접 후 열처리 45
      • 제4 절. 기계적 특성 평가 47
      • 제5 절. 미세조직 분석 48
      • 제4 장. 결과 및 고찰
      • 제1 절. Wrought/AM 17-4PH 스테인리스강 모재의 특성 49
      • 1) 열처리 조건별 Wrought/AM 모재 미세조직 분석 49
      • 2) Wrought/AM 모재의 석출 경화능 및 건전성 평가 54
      • 제2 절. 17-4PH Wrought/AM 이종 용접부 특성 58
      • 1) 이종 용접부의 미세조직 및 경도 분석: as-welded 58
      • 2) 모재 열처리 조건에 따른 이종 용접부 석출 특성 65
      • 3) 이종 용접부의 미세조직 및 경도 분석: PWHTed 69
      • 제3 절. 17-4PH Wrought/AM 이종 용접부의 기계적 특성 79
      • 1) 이종 용접부 조건별 인장 특성 비교분석 79
      • 2) 이종 용접부 연화 영역 및 경화 영역의 강화기구 분석 83
      • 3) 이종 용접부 연화 영역 발생 메커니즘 고찰 89
      • 제5 장. 결론 92
      • References 95
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