챗GPT 지브리 스타일 저작권 논쟁과 창작에 있어서 생성형 인공지능에 관한 연구 = Copyright Debate about ChatGPT Ghibli Style and Case of Generative AI in Art

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

(Abstract)
This study examines the impact of the rapid development of generative artificial intelligence on artistic creation and copyright law, using the “Ghibli-style trend” that emerged in April 2025 as a case study. In particular, it analyzes the legal and ethical issues surrounding AI-generated art by focusing on copyright disputes related to the generation of Ghibli-style images, and investigates how contemporary artists employ generative AI technologies in their creative practices.
Recently, generative AI has increasingly been deployed in the form of AI chatbots that integrate large language models with image-generation models, leading to widespread use not only among AI specialists but also among general users. Beyond serving as a tool for enhancing productivity or expanding creativity, AI has become a medium for leisure and trend formation through the sharing of AI-generated or edited images on social media. At the same time, concerns have been raised regarding potential copyright infringement against human artists due to the unauthorized use of existing works in AI training processes, while legal compensation and remedial mechanisms remain insufficient. Under current Korean copyright law, non-human creators are not recognized as authors, and although limited copyright protection is granted to works created with generative AI, regulatory frameworks addressing unauthorized training on copyrighted works are still inadequate.
Finally, by comparing three contemporary projects that integrate AI and art <The Next Rembrandt>, <Ai vs AI>, and <The Evolving God, Gaia> this study identifies shifts in the direction of artistic development during the transitional period from the digital age to the age of AI. Given that numerous prior studies have concluded that artificial intelligence holds potential as a medium of artistic expression, this research anticipates that future studies will increasingly explore artistic experiences and practices involving generative AI.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. 서론 1
• 1. 연구 목적 및 필요성 1
• 2. 연구 방법 3
• Ⅱ. 지브리 스타일 열풍 4
• 1. 지브리 프사의 정의 4
• 1.1 기존 사례 1―게임 ≪제2의 나라≫ ‘Eco Smile’ 프로모션 5
• 1.2 기존 사례 2― AI 프로필 사진에 대한 10대 소비자 인식조사 5
• 1.3 세 가지 사례 비교 6
• 1.4 지브리 스타일 열풍을 바라보는 전문적 견해 7
• 2. 지브리 스타일의 영향 8
• Ⅲ. 저작권과 기술의 변화 11
• 1. 저작권의 역사 11
• 2. AI로 대체되는 분야에서 전통적 기법의 고수 13
• 2.1 템페라화 13
• 2.2 로토스코핑 15
• 3. 저작권 보호를 위한 국제 협약 17
• Ⅳ. 인공지능 창작의 현황 18
• 1. 생성형 AI 챗봇 18
• 1.1 챗GPT를 이용한 포스터 디자인 과정 19
• 2. 생성 예술의 역사 20
• 3. AI 예술 접목 사례 22
• 3.1 아이웨이웨이 <Ai vs AI> 프로젝트 (2024〜2025) 23
• 3.2 노진아의 <진화하는 신, 가이아> 27
• 3.3 <넥스트 렘브란트> 프로젝트 28
• Ⅵ. 결론 31
• 참고 문헌 34