경찰공무원의 감성지식이 정책성과에 미치는 영향 : 회복탄력성의 매개효과를 중심으로 = The Impact of Police Officers' Emotional Knowledge on Policy Performance - Focusing on the Mediating Effect of Resilience -

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study investigated the impact of police officers' emotional knowledge on organizational policy outcomes and empirically analyzed whether resilience played a mediating role in this process. Emotional knowledge, a concept similar to emotional intelligence, refers to a set of competencies that enable individuals to recognize and regulate their own emotions, understand and empathize with the emotions of others, and regulate behavior based on these. This study structured emotional knowledge into five sub-factors: self-awareness, self-management, social awareness, relationship management, and stress management. Resilience was measured by three factors: hardiness (mental fortitude), persistence (the ability to persist), and support (the ability to utilize social support). Policy outcomes were defined as comprehensive performance indicators, including the effectiveness of police organizations in preventing crime, police work efficiency, perceived safety by residents, policy trust, and policy efficiency (economic efficiency). The research model assumed that emotional knowledge influences both resilience and policy outcomes, with resilience acting as a mediator between the two. For this analysis, a survey of approximately 796 domestic police officers was conducted in May 2022, and the collected data was utilized. To ensure the validity and reliability of the variables, the items underwent exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis and reliability testing. A structural equation model (SEM) was then constructed to verify the hypotheses, and the Sobel test was used to further confirm the statistical significance of the mediating effect. The results of the analysis revealed that (1) emotional knowledge had a significant positive effect on policy outcomes (Hypothesis 1). Among the subfactors, relationship management had the greatest effect, and self-awareness and stress management were also significant, but the direct effects of self-management and social awareness were insignificant. (2) Emotional knowledge significantly enhanced resilience (Hypothesis 2), and stress management and relationship management, in particular, consistently enhanced resilience, persistence, and supportability. Self-management was stable only on persistence and supportability, while self-awareness had a limited direct effect. (3) The direct effect of resilience on policy performance was negative in the SEM path (path coefficient -0.400). However, in the subfactor regression, support (β.47) and hardiness (β.17) positively predicted policy performance, while persistence was insignificant (Hypothesis 3 partially accepted). This suggests both the perceived effect of highly resilient groups rigorously evaluating performance and the importance of qualitative resources (support and hardiness) that contribute to actual performance. (4) The mediating effects were all significant using the Sobel test (hardiness 7.315, persistence 8.361, and support 1.991): the partial mediation of emotional knowledge → resilience → policy performance was confirmed, supporting Hypothesis 4 and its subhypotheses.
Consistent with prior research, emotional knowledge was reaffirmed as a key antecedent of public organization performance, and relationship management and organizational support were particularly crucial for performance enhancement. Conversely, persistence has limited direct effects, demonstrating that robust psychological resources and social support, rather than mere sustained effort, determine performance. Policy recommendations include: 1) strengthening the assessment of emotional intelligence, including empathy, self-regulation, and interpersonal collaboration, during the recruitment process; 2) incorporating self-awareness, stress management, and empathy training into training and internalizing emotional leadership among executives; 3) expanding organizational support systems (peer support, EAP, and psychological safety); and 4) incorporating emotional competencies, such as teamwork, public communication, and emotional regulation in crisis situations, into evaluation systems.
Finally, emotional intelligence directly enhances policy outcomes, and indirectly through the partial mediation of resilience. Therefore, strategies to strengthen emotional competency and resilience across the entire cycle—from selection to training to field management—are necessary. This will lead to improved individual police health, organizational performance, and public trust.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• (Abstract)
• 제1장 서론 1
• 제1절 연구 배경 및 목적 1
• 제2절 연구 범위 및 방법 5
• 1. 연구 범위 5
• 2. 연구 방법 7
• 제2장 이론적 논의 11
• 제1절 감성지식 11
• 1. 감성지식 개념 11
• 2. 감성지식 구성요소 15
• 제2절 회복탄력성 31
• 1. 회복탄력성 개념 31
• 2. 회복탄력성 선행연구 및 구성요소 33
• 제3절 정책성과 37
• 1. 정책성과 개념 37
• 2. 정책성과 선행연구 및 구성요소 42
• 제4절 선행연구 고찰 53
• 1. 감성지식 선행연구 53
• 2. 감성지식과 정책성과의 선행연구 55
• 3. 감성지식과 회복탄력성 선행연구 58
• 4. 경찰공무원의 회복탄력성과 정책성과 선행연구 60
• 5. 선행연구의 한계 및 본 연구의 차별성 62
• 제3장 연구모형 및 연구설계 65
• 제1절 연구모형 및 가설설정 65
• 1. 연구모형 65
• 2. 가설설정 67
• 제2절 측정변수의 조작적 정의 70
• 1. 감성지식 70
• 2. 회복탄력성 74
• 3. 정책성과 77
• 제3절 자료의 수집방법 84
• 1. 설문지 구성 84
• 2. 설문지 배부 방법 및 분석기법 84
• 제4장 실증분석 결과 86
• 제1절 조사대상자의 인구 통계적 특성 86
• 제2절 측정도구의 타당성 및 신뢰성 검증 88
• 1. 변수의 타당성 검증 88
• 2. 변수의 신뢰성 검증 89
• 제3절 변수의 특성분석과 차이분석 92
• 1. 변수의 기술통계분석 92
• 2. 변수 간 상관관계 분석 94
• 3. 인구통계적 특성에 따른 변수 간 차이분석 96
• 제4절 분석 결과 및 가설검증 117
• 1. 경찰공무원의 감성지식이 정책성과에 미치는 영향 117
• 2. 경찰공무원의 감성지식이 회복탄력성에 미치는 영향 125
• 3. 회복탄력성이 정책성과에 미치는 영향 134
• 4. 회복탄력성의 매개효과 142
• 제5장 결론 150
• 제1절 연구의 요약 150
• 제2절 정책적 함의 및 제언 152
• 1. 채용 단계에서 감성지식 평가 강화 152
• 2. 경력별 맞춤형 감성지식 교육 프로그램 운영 153
• 3. 경찰관의 자기주도 감성지식 점검 시스템 구축 154
• 4. 공정한 승진·평가 제도를 통한 회복탄력성 강화 156
• 5. 치안 성과평가에 감성지식 지표 반영 157
• 제3절 향후 연구과제 160
• 참고 문헌 161
• 부록 : 연구분석을 위한 설문지 180