This study focused on the specificity of the data of crafts. Crafts are complex heritage in which intangible technologies are condensed into tangible objects, and cultural property artifacts function as empirical evidence to prove the reality of techn...
This study focused on the specificity of the data of crafts. Crafts are complex heritage in which intangible technologies are condensed into tangible objects, and cultural property artifacts function as empirical evidence to prove the reality of technology. The current national heritage management system is operated separately by institutions in charge of cultural and intangible heritage according to their unique roles and purposes. This is regrettable in that it has not progressed to the possibility of organic contextual identification and new knowledge expansion through the complementary interaction of tangible and intangible information. Therefore, this study designs an ontology that connects intangible contexts with tangible resources as clues. And we propose a semantic archive platform that applies this. This aims to suggest the value and necessity of knowledge that is revealed only when scattered craft information is organically connected.
To this end, the "Goryeo Do-gyeong", the core primary historical data of the Goryeo Dynasty, was used as the starting point of the study. The "Goryeo Do-gyeong" organically describes not only the name and shape of objects, but also materials, uses, and rituals, which were selected in accordance with the structural characteristics of ontological modeling that defines the relationship between concepts. This study performed data modeling to identify interrelationships by mapping unstructured text records with empirical artifact data. In particular, in order to clearly clarify the nature of the data in ontology design, the information structure was systematized into tangible resource areas and intangible knowledge areas. The former defines physical evidence such as relics, materials, and tools, and the latter defines transmission techniques, meaning and interpretation, and socio-cultural contexts. By closely linking tangible and intangible relationships, craft knowledge is organically integrated, and the designed class secures universal scalability in connection with international standard models such as CIDOC-CRM.
Based on this, a semantic archive prototype was implemented to verify the effectiveness of the designed model. The prototype provides a controlled search environment by introducing a virtual planned exhibition to induce user immersion, and the network of information that can be intuitively grasped through a knowledge graph is visualized on the detailed page of relics related to the subject. In addition, heuristic evaluation and in-depth interviews were conducted to verify the effectiveness of the study. As a result of the evaluation, by verifying the semantic value item, which is the hypothesis index of this study, it was proved that this platform functions as a practical knowledge expansion tool for users.
In conclusion, this study is meaningful in that it provided an empirical foundation for intangible heritage semantic research by meaningfully connecting scattered craft information and building it as a system. The data modeling methodology and platform structure presented by this study can be used as a framework for a craft knowledge archive in which tangible and intangible are fused through the expansion of targets to the Joseon and modern eras in the future.
Keywords: Crafts, Ontology, Semantic Archive, Knowledge Graph, Digital Humanities