외국인 유학생의 부산형 취업과 정주를 위한 정책 방안 연구

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

(ABSTRACT)
In recent years, amid the low birth rate, a decrease in the school-age population, an aging population, and rapid changes in the industrial structure, international competition for attracting foreign students is in full swing to secure excellent talent. In addition, some countries recognize foreign students as strategic human resources that will lead to their development and community sustainability, rather than looking at them only as objects of study, and are reinforcing policies to attract and utilize various talents. The above trend is a phenomenon that Korea is experiencing in common like other countries, and policies related to foreign students should no longer be subject to partial management. At the national level, it is necessary to be illuminated as a key subject for securing excellent human resources and revitalizing the local community.
In the future, foreign students should be recognized as members of society that can be helpful to Korean society in the long term, not as learners staying for a short period of time. The ultimate purpose of this study is to prepare institutional conditions and suggest policy directions so that they can stably work, settle, and integrate in Korean society.
The theoretical background of this study presented the 'employment-permanent integrated model' by synthesizing six theories: migration theory, human capital theory, social integration theory, integrated policy theory, multiculturalism theory, and the concept of sedentary. The 'employment-permanent integrated model' is composed of three areas: individual, social, and state; the individual domain is set as the individual's capacity and will; the social network and cultural adaptation is set as the social network and cultural adaptation is set as the national institution and policy basis. Based on the 'employment-permanent integrated model' as a theoretical basis, it was intended to analyze the current status of employment and settlement-related policies for foreign students, investigate the needs of foreign students, and suggest policy improvement measures.
As a method of research, data on employment and settlement policies of each subject and the perception of working-level officials from local universities and local governments were simultaneously conducted. In addition, 364 international students from Busan-area universities were surveyed for employment and settlement-related needs. The results of analyzing the data survey and the perception survey of practitioners were as follows. Local universities are providing various support such as language education, career, and psychological support, but systematic support for converting to settlement still seemed to need to be supplemented. Local governments are promoting programs linked to local industries in various ways, but budget support problems and continuity restrictions have been identified. The central government planned the foreign student stay system and employment-related policies, but the degree of experience of policy efficiency was low due to the complexity of administrative procedures and lack of linkage between systems. In addition, in the survey of the needs of foreign students, the percentage of people wishing to get a job for a job related to their major was high, but various factors were found to be obstacles.
The results of this analysis show that the employment and settlement of foreign students are complex tasks that may never be solved by one individual's efforts. When institutional policy design, social acceptance structure, and local industry foundation are integrated and organically linked, results are possible. Accordingly, this study attempted to present integrated support for step-by-step competency development in the individual domain, standardized integrated education in the social domain, and integrated management and sustainability in the national domain as major key improvement directions. In addition, the policy improvement plan in three areas was implemented in an integrated manner, and a 'Busan-type employment-permanent integrated policy package' based on the industry, culture, and living environment of the Busan area was proposed.
In conclusion, this study attempted to redefine the employment and settlement policies of foreign students as a key policy area where excellent talent strategies, community development, and social integration intersect to strengthen the nation's competitiveness, not as a subject of partial management. In addition, the 'employment-permanent integrated model' in which employment and settlement are cyclically connected in three areas: the individual domain, the social domain, and the national domain was presented. In addition, based on this, the 'Busan-type Employment-permanent Integrated Policy Package', a practical policy package reflecting the characteristics of the Busan area, was proposed to draw academic and policy implications. In future research, it is necessary to verify the effectiveness of the policy by linking comparisons and qualitative studies between regions, and to develop a more detailed policy design by integrating the psychological and cultural adaptation factors of foreign students.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. 서론 1
• 1. 연구의 필요성과 목적 1
• 2. 선행연구 검토 5
• 3. 연구의 범위와 연구 방법 18
• Ⅱ. 이론적 배경 및 통합형 모델 22
• 1. 외국인 유학생의 취업과 정주 관련 주요 이론 23
• 2. 취업-정주 통합형 모델 36
• Ⅲ. 정책 현황 분석 47
• 1. 연구 설계 및 분석 방법 47
• 2. 개인 영역 정책 현황 분석 – 부산 지역 대학 중심 58
• 3. 사회 영역 정책 현황 분석 – 부산 지방자치단체 중심 80
• 4. 국가 영역 정책 현황 분석 – 중앙정부 중심 98
• 5. 정책 현황의 종합적 분석 113
• Ⅳ. 요구 조사 116
• 1. 요구 조사 개요 116
• 2. 외국인 유학생 기본 정보 분석 122
• 3. 외국인 유학생 유형별 특성에 따른 비교 분석 133
• 4. 개인 영역 분석 142
• 5. 사회 영역 분석 149
• 6. 국가 영역 분석 157
• 7. 취업-정주 통합형 정책 요구 분석 163
• 8. 부산 지역 관련 응답 분석 167
• 9. 소결 170
• Ⅴ. 정책적 개선 방안 173
• 1. 정책 개선의 기본 방향 173
• 2. 개인·사회·국가 영역 정책 개선 방안 175
• 3. 부산 글로벌 커리어 & 라이프 페스티벌 192
• 4. 부산 활동 포인트 패스포트 194
• 5. 부산 정주형 산업 인턴 표준모델 195
• 6. 부산 온정(溫情) 스테이 & 커뮤니티 프로그램 197
• 7. 부산 공생 페스티벌 199
• 8. 종합적인 시사점과 기대 효과 202
• Ⅵ. 결론 205
• 참고문헌 214
• (ABSTRACT) 224
• 부록 226