十二生肖动物认知意义类型研究 : 以隐喻意象分析为中心

국문 초록 (Abstract)

(국문 초룩)
본논문은인지언어학의개념은유이론을바탕으로, ‘쥐, 소, 호랑이, 토끼, 용, 뱀, 말, 양, 원숭이, 닭, 개, 돼지’ 등 십이지동물의 은유적사용에 대하여 분석하였다. 논문에서는 중국 북경대학 중국언어학 연구중심의 CCL말뭉치의 다양한 자료를바탕으로, 현대중국어의 고빈도 표현과 의미 확장에 대한 논의를 하였다. 또한 은유의 ‘출발–도착영역의 매핑을 의미 유형, 의미적 극성(긍정/부정/중립), 문화적 가치를 체계화하였다.
십이지 동물은 중국의 문화와 민속에서 중국인들의 상상력을 구성하는 핵심 표현이자, 중국어 동물 은유에서 활용도가 높다. 본 논문에서는 선행 연구를 기반으로, 북경대학 CCL말뭉치 자료와 옛 문헌, 신문, 문학작품, 온라인 텍스트 등의 자료를 활용하여, 동물 자체를 지시하지 않고, 사람 또는 사회 현상을 나타내고, 평가하는 은유 용례를 추출 하고. 의미적 극성을 표시하였다. 연구 방법으로는 문헌조사 및 말뭉치 분석을 병행 하였으며, ’출발영역–도착영역‘의 대응 관계를 중심으로 유형화하고, 그 의미를 해석하였다.
분석 결과로, 십이지 은유는 ‘외형 특성 → 외모/형상’과 ‘행위 특성 → 행위/성격’의 두 경로가 핵심이며, 특히 전형적 행동 및 스크립트의 구성화가 두드러진다. 극성 측면에서는 ‘용, 호랑이, 말’의 긍정 극성과 ‘쥐, 돼지, 뱀, 개’의 부정 극성의 특성이 뚜렷하고, ‘소, 양, 토끼, 원숭이, 닭’은 양가성이 강한 과도 영역을 형성한다. 이러한 은유 체계는 근면/태만, 충성/배반, 용맹/비겁 등 가치 판단을 압축하여 사회적 평가의 언어적 장치로 기능한다.
본 논문은 구어 및 소셜미디어 등의 새로운 자료에서 사용되는 은유의 용례는 매우 제한적이며, 향후 분석 장르 확대와 타언어와 비교 분석, 교육 및 상호 문화 소통에서의 관점에서 심도 있는 분석의 필요성을 제안한다.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 目录
• Ⅰ 绪论 ·························································································································1
• 1.1 研究背景与意义 ······························································································1
• 1.1.1 研究背景 ··································································································1
• 1.1.2 研究意义 ··································································································2
• 1.2 研究范围和方法 ······························································································3
• 1.2.1 研究范围 ··································································································3
• 1.2.2 研究方法 ··································································································4
• 1.3 国内先行研究 ······························································································5
• Ⅱ 十二生肖认知隐喻理论 ·························································································9
• 2.1 隐喻的本质 ······································································································9
• 2.2 动物隐喻 ········································································································11
• Ⅲ 十二生肖隐喻意义类型 ······················································································14
• 3.1 汉语中生肖的相关表达 ················································································14
• 3.1.1 有关“十二生肖”的隐喻表达 ·································································14
• 3.1.2 小结 ········································································································22
• 3.2 十二生肖隐喻映射类型 ················································································23
• 3.2.1 源域的外形特征映射到目标域的外貌特征 ········································24
• 3.2.2 源域的行为特征映射到目标域的行为、性格特征 ····························29
• 3.3 十二生肖隐喻映射链背后的文化因素 ························································35
• Ⅳ 十二生肖隐喻意象分析 ······················································································39
• 4.1 鼠的隐喻意象 ································································································39
• 4.1.1 基本文化意象 ························································································39
• 4.1.2 隐喻映射分析 ························································································40
• 4.1.3 小结 ········································································································44
• 4.2 牛的隐喻意象 ································································································45
• 4.2.1 基本文化意象 ························································································45
• 4.2.2 隐喻映射分析 ························································································46
• 4.2.3 小结 ········································································································51
• 4.3 虎的隐喻意象 ································································································51
• 4.3.1 基本文化意象与意义类型 ····································································51
• 4.3.2 隐喻映射分析 ························································································52
• 4.3.3 小结 ········································································································56
• 4.4 兔的隐喻意象 ································································································57
• 4.4.1 基本文化意象与意义类型 ····································································57
• 4.4.2 隐喻映射分析 ························································································58
• 4.4.3 小结 ········································································································63
• 4.5 龙的隐喻意象 ································································································63
• 4.5.1 基本文化意象与意义类型 ····································································64
• 4.5.2 隐喻映射分析 ························································································65
• 4.5.3 小结 ········································································································69
• 4.6 蛇的隐喻意象 ································································································70
• 4.6.1 基本文化意象与意义类型 ····································································70
• 4.6.2 隐喻映射分析 ························································································71
• 4.6.3 小结 ········································································································75
• 4.7 马的隐喻意象 ································································································76
• 4.7.1 基本文化意象与意义类型 ····································································76
• 4.7.2 隐喻映射分析 ························································································77
• 4.7.3 小结 ········································································································82
• 4.8 羊的隐喻意象 ································································································82
• 4.8.1 基本文化意象与意义类型 ····································································82
• 4.8.2 隐喻映射分析 ························································································84
• 4.8.3 小结 ········································································································87
• 4.9 猴的隐喻意象 ································································································87
• 4.9.1 基本文化意象与意义类型 ····································································87
• 4.9.2 隐喻映射分析 ························································································89
• 4.9.3 小结 ········································································································92
• 4.10 鸡的隐喻意象 ·····························································································93
• 4.10.1 基本文化意象与意义类型 ·································································93
• 4.10.2 隐喻映射分析 ·····················································································94
• 4.10.3 小结 ·····································································································97
• 4.11 狗的隐喻意象 ·····························································································98
• 4.11.1 基本文化意象与意义类型 ·································································98
• 4.11.2 隐喻映射分析 ···················································································100
• 4.11.3 小结 ···································································································103
• 4.12 猪的隐喻意象 ···························································································104
• 4.12.1 基本文化意象与意义类型 ·······························································104
• 4.12.2 隐喻映射分析 ···················································································105
• 4.12.3 小结 ···································································································109
• Ⅴ 结语 ····················································································································110
• 5.1 总结 ·············································································································110
• 5.2 不足与未来期望 ·························································································112
• 参考文献 ··················································································································114
• 국문 초록 ············································································································122