A Study on the Impacts of Trait Anxiety on the Creativity Majoring in Calligraphy : Mediating Effect of Learning Motivation

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study aims to explore the effects of trait anxiety and learning motivation on the creativity of Chinese undergraduates majoring in calligraphy, and to verify the mediating role of learning motivation between trait anxiety and creativity. Based on previous research, this study constructed a research model and proposed hypotheses. To analyze research hypotheses, the research participants were undergraduate majoring in calligraphy from universities in four Chinese provinces: Bejing, Hebei, Henan, and Shaanxi. The survey was conducted from September 18, 2024, to November 10, 2024, with 341 valid questionnaires collected. Structural equation modeling was employed to verify the relationships among variables. The results are as follows. First, this study confirmed that trait anxiety has a negative impact on the creativity of Chinese undergraduates majoring in calligraphy. Second, this study confirmed that trait anxiety has a negative impact on the learning motivation of Chinese undergraduates majoring in calligraphy. Third, this study confirmed that learning motivation has a positive impact on the creativity of Chinese undergraduates majoring in calligraphy. Fourth, this study confirmed that learning motivation mediates the relationship between trait anxiety and creativity among Chinese undergraduates majoring in calligraphy. This study represents the first empirical investigation incorporating trait anxiety, learning motivation, and creativity in the field of Chinese undergraduates majoring in calligraphy education. It provides theoretical foundations for understanding the psychological characteristics of calligraphy students and their impact on creative work, while offering valuable reference data for calligraphy education practices in higher education institutions. Keywords: Trait anxiety, Learning motivation, Creativity, Chinese undergraduates majoring in calligraphy, Mediating effect

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. Introduction 1
• 1. Research Background and Necessity1
• 2. Research Purpose 5
• 3. Research Questions 6
• 4. Definition of Terms6
• 1) Trait Anxiety6
• 2) Learning Motivation7
• 3) Creativity 7
• Ⅱ. Theoretical Background 8
• 1. Calligraphy Major 8
• 1) The Emergence and Development of Calligraphy Major8
• 2) Current Status of Calligraphy Education 10
• 3) Features of Chinese Undergraduates Majoring in Calligraphy 12
• 2. Trait Anxiety 14
• 1) Concept of Trait Anxiety14
• 2) Dimensions of Trait Anxiety16
• 3. Learning Motivation 18
• 1) Concept of Learning Motivation18
• 2) Dimensions of Learning Motivation19
• 4. Creativity22
• 1) Concept of Creativity 22
• 2) Dimensions of Creativity 24
• 5. Relationships Between the Research Variables27
• 1) Trait Anxiety and Creativity27
• 2) Trait Anxiety and Learning Motivation 28
• 3) Learning Motivation and Creativity28
• 4) Mediating Effect of Learning Motivation 30
• Ⅲ. Methods31
• 1. Research Model and Hypothesis 31
• 1) Research Model31
• 2) Research Hypothesis32
• 2. Research Participants 32
• 3. Research Procedure 33
• 4. Research Tools 35
• 1) Trait Anxiety 35
• 2) Learning Motivation 36
• 3) Creativity37
• 5. Data Analysis38
• Ⅳ. Results41
• 1. Basic Statistical Analysis41
• 1) Descriptive Statistic and Normality Verification 41
• 2）Difference Analysis in Demographic Variables42
• 3) Correlation Analysis 44
• 2. Measurement Model Analysis 48
• 1) Confirmatory Factor Analysis 48
• 2) Validity Analysis 49
• 3) Analysis of Measurement Model 50
• 3. Research Hypotheses Analysis 52
• 1) Validation of Research Model Fit52
• 2) Direct Effects 54
• 3) Mediating Effects54
• 4. Adoption of Research Hypotheses 55
• Ⅴ. Conclusion and Suggestion 57
• 1. Research Summary 57
• 2. Discussion and Conclusion 57
• 3. Limitations and Suggestions61
• References 63
• Appendix. Questionnaire 103
• 국문초록 110