A Study on the Effect of Academic Self-efficacy on the Academic Performance of Art Students in Chinese Private Universities : Focused on the Mediating Role of Achievement Motivation and Student Engagement

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study has empirically investigated the structural relationships among academic self-efficacy, achievement motivation, student engagement, and academic performance of art students at private universities in China. Based on previous research, the study validated and evaluated relevant research models and hypotheses. To verify the hypotheses, fourth-year art students from five private universities in Shanghai were selected as the research participants. A total of 510 questionnaires were distributed, and the actual valid sample size was 492. The collected data were used to evaluate model fit, examine relationships between variables, and analyze the direct and mediating effects of the hypothesized model. The key findings are as follows. First, academic self-efficacy had a significant positive effect on the academic performance of art students in private universities. Second, academic self-efficacy had a significant positive influence on the achievement motivation of art students in private universities. Third, achievement motivation had a significant positive impact on the academic performance of art students in private universities. Fourth, academic self-efficacy had a significant positive effect on the student engagement of art students in private universities. Fifth, student engagement also had a significant positive effect on the academic performance of art students in private universities. Sixth, achievement motivation played a mediating role between the academic self-efficacy and academic performance of art students in private universities. Finally, student engagement served as a mediator between the academic self-efficacy and academic performance of art students in private universities. Based on the research findings, this study holds practical significance for enhancing the academic performance of art students in Chinese private universities. Specifically, the study underscores the importance of fostering academic self-efficacy, achievement motivation, and student engagement as key factors in improving educational outcomes for this unique student population. These insights provide valuable guidance for educational management departments and art educators, suggesting targeted strategies such as tailored support programs and curriculum adjustments to strengthen students' confidence and motivation. By implementing these approaches, private universities can not only improve individual academic success but also contribute to the overall quality and effectiveness of art education, thereby supporting the sustainable development of the art industries in China. Keywords: Academic self-efficacy, Academic performance, Achievement motivation, Student engagement

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. Introduction 1
• 1. Research Background and Necessity1
• 2. Research Purposes 6
• 3. Research Questions 6
• 4. Definition of Terms 7
• 1) Academic Self-Efficacy 7
• 2) Academic Performance7
• 3) Achievement Motivation7
• 4) Student Engagement 8
• Ⅱ. Theoretical Background 9
• 1. Current Status of Art Education in Chinese Private Universities 9
• 1) Art Education in Private Universities in China 9
• 2) Challenges in Art Education at Private Universities12
• 2. Academic Performance 14
• 1) Concepts of Academic Performance 14
• 2) Previous Research on Academic Performance 16
• 3. Academic Self-efficacy 18
• 1) Concepts of Academic Self-efficacy18
• 2）Dimensions of Academic Self-efficacy 19
• 4. Achievement Motivation 23
• 1) Concepts of Achievement Motivation 24
• 2）Dimensions of Achievement Motivation 25
• 5. Student Engagement 29
• 1) Concepts of Student Engagement 30
• 2）Dimensions of Student Engagement 32
• 6. Relationship Between the Variables37
• 1）Academic Self-efficacy and Academic Performance 37
• 2）Achievement Motivation and Academic Performance 38
• 3）Student Engagement and Academic Performance 39
• 4）Academic Self-efficacy and Achievement Motivation 41
• 5）Academic Self-efficacy and Student Engagement 42
• Ⅲ. Methods44
• 1. Research Model and Hypothesis 44
• 2. Research Participants46
• 3. Research Procedures 48
• 4. Research Tools 49
• 1) Academic performance 49
• 2) Academic self-efficacy 50
• 3) Achievement motivation 52
• 4) Student engagement 53
• 5. Data Analysis 55
• Ⅳ. Results57
• 1. Descriptive Statistics57
• 1) Mean, Standard Deviation and Normality 57
• 2) Analysis of Demographic Differences58
• 3) Correlation Analysis60
• 2. Model Fit of Measurement Model64
• 1) Confirmatory Factor Analysis 64
• 2) Validity Analysis 67
• 3) Analysis of Measurement Model69
• 3. Research Hypothesis Verification71
• 1) Analysis of Research Model 71
• 2) Analysis of Direct Effect 73
• 3) Analysis of Mediating Effect 75
• 4) Acceptance of Research Hypotheses Testing 77
• Ⅴ. Conclusion 78
• 1. Research Summary 78
• 2. Discussion and Conclusion79
• 3. Limitations and Suggestions 86
• References 89
• Appendix：Questionnaire 105
• 국문초록112