녹색건축인증제도(G-SEED)의 자재 평가항목 정량지표 반영 실태에 관한 연구 : -신축 비주거용 건축물을 중심으로- = A Study on the Reflection of Quantitative Indicators of Material Evaluation Items in the Green Building Certification System (G-SEED) -Focusing on the New Non-residential Buildings-

국문 초록 (Abstract)

최근 건축물의 온실가스 배출 저감과 자원 효율성에 대한 관심이 증가함 에 따라, 건축물의 환경 성능을 정량적으로 평가할 수 있는 지표의 활용 필 요성이 제기되고 있다. 이에 본 연구는 국내 녹색건축인증제도(G-SEED)의 자재 평가 항목에서 환경성적표지(EPD)와 전과정평가(LCA) 지표가 실제 로 어떻게 활용되고 있는지를 분석하고, 해당 제도의 적용 현황을 구체적 으로 검토하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 연구는 먼저 G-SEED를 포함한 해외 인증제도(LEED, BREEAM 등)의 자재 항목 구성과 평가 방식을 비교하여, 각 제도에서 정량환경지표가 어 떻게 반영되고 있는지를 확인하였다. 이후 ISO 14044 기준에 따라 환경 영 향을 나타내는 7가지 정량지표(자원 발자국, 탄소 발자국, 오존층 영향, 산 성비, 부영양화, 광화학 스모그 생성, 물 발자국)를 선정하고, 한국환경산업 기술원에서 제공하는 EPD 데이터를 활용하여 국내 건축자재의 환경성능 정보를 수집하였다. 수집된 LCA 데이터를 바탕으로 건축물에 적용 비율이 높은 레디믹스트 콘크리트, 철근, 시멘트에 대해 동일한 자재 내 제품 간의 환경 영향 결과 를 비교하였다. 이를 통해 현재 G-SEED 평가 항목이 자재 간 실제 환경 성능의 차이를 평가 기준에 반영하고 있는지를 파악하였다. 분석 결과, 자 재 간 환경성능 차이가 존재함에도 불구하고, 현행 G-SEED 평가 방식은 주로 인증서 보유 여부 또는 LCA 수행 보고서 유무를 기준으로 점수를 부여하고 있어, 정량지표가 적극적으로 활용되고 있지 않음을 확인하였다. 본 연구는 환경데이터 기반의 수치 비교를 통해 G-SEED 제도의 현행 방식의 한계를 밝혔으며, 향후에는 자재의 환경성능 수치를 직접적으로 반 영할 수 있는 평가 구조로의 개선이 필요함을 제안한다. 특히, 자재별 특성 과 정량 지표 간의 관계를 고려한 평가 항목의 세분화 및 배점 체계 개선 에 대한 후속 연구가 요구된다.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. 서 론 ····················································································································1
• 1.1 연구 배경 및 목적 ·························································································1
• 1.2 연구 범위 및 방법 ·························································································4
• 1.2.1 연구 범위 ··································································································4
• 1.2.2 연구 방법 ··································································································4
• Ⅱ. 이론적 고찰 ·······································································································6
• 2.1 개요 ···················································································································6
• 2.2 G-SEED 재료 및 자원 분야 평가 방법 고찰 ········································7
• 2.2.1 EPD 인증제품의 사용 ·········································································9
• 2.2.2 저탄소 자재의 사용 ············································································10
• 2.2.3 자원순환 자재의 사용 ········································································11
• 2.2.4 유해물질 저감 자재의 사용 ······························································13
• 2.2.5 건축물 LCA 수행 ···············································································14
• 2.3 해외 녹색건축 인증제도 자재 평가 방법 고찰 ·····································17
• 2.3.1 LEED ·····································································································17
• 2.3.2 BREEAM ······························································································20
• 2.4 선행 연구 고찰 ·····························································································23- ii -
• Ⅲ. 주요 자재 분석 ······························································································25
• 3.1 개요 ·················································································································25
• 3.2 분석대상 및 방법 ·························································································26
• 3.2.1 분석 대상 자재 및 제품 선정 ··························································26
• 3.2.2 환경영향 범주 및 데이터 수집 ························································28
• 3.2.3 환경영향 결과 정규화 ········································································30
• 3.2.4 기준값 설정 ··························································································31
• Ⅳ. 분석 결과 ·········································································································32
• 4.1 레디믹스트 콘크리트 제품별 환경영향 평가 ·········································32
• 4.2 철근 제품별 환경영향 평가 ·······································································35
• 4.3 시멘트 제품별 환경영향 평가 ···································································39
• 4.4 소결 ·················································································································43
• Ⅴ. 결론 ····················································································································44
• 참고문헌 ····················································································································45
• Abstract ····················································································································47