Quantum dot (QD) light-emitting diodes (QLEDs) have emerged as a promising candidate for next-generation displays due to their high color purity, tunable emission wavelengths, and compatibility with solution-based fabrication processes. Among these, i...
Quantum dot (QD) light-emitting diodes (QLEDs) have emerged as a promising candidate for next-generation displays due to their high color purity, tunable emission wavelengths, and compatibility with solution-based fabrication processes. Among these, indium phosphide (InP)-based QLEDs have gained attention as environmentally friendly alternatives to heavy-metal-containing counterparts. Most reported InP-based QLEDs are based on a hybrid device structure that consisting of inorganic electron transport layers (ETLs), such as ZnO or ZnMgO, with organic hole transport layers (HTLs). However, this device structure inherently causes imbalances in carrier mobility and injection characteristics, resulting in excess charge accumulation and Auger recombination in QDs, which significantly limit QLED device performance.
In this thesis, we present comprehensive approaches to identifying charge imbalance and improving device performances in InP-based hybrid QLEDs. First, self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) having opposite direction of dipole moments were introduced at the ZnO/QD interface to modulate interfacial energy levels and regulate electron injection. In particular, SAMs intended to suppress electron injection improved charge balance by reducing electron transport from the ETL to the QD layer. In addition to tuning electron injection, the SAM treatment also reduced surface defect states, which contributed to the suppression of exciton quenching and enhanced photoluminescence. This bifunctionality provides an effective methodology to identify the excess charge carriers in InP-based QLEDs and presented the development of strategies for optimizing charge balance.
Next, the ETL was engineered to improve device performance for practical display applications. From this perspective, ZnMgO nanoparticles were functionalized with ligands to modulate energy level alignment and reduce electron conductivity. These effects contributed to improved charge balance, and the resulting reduction in operating voltage enhanced power efficiency. Also, the ligand-modified ZnMgO demonstrated the ability to alleviate positive aging behavior by passivate surface defect states, thereby enhancing shelf stability.
We believe that our strategies outlined in this thesis contribute to the development of methods for identifying charge imbalance and optimizing device performance in InP-based hybrid QLEDs. In addition, the improvements in power efficiency and shelf stability suggest that the proposed approaches have strong potential for practical application in commercially feasible, heavy-metal-free QLED technologies.