This dissertation explores advanced electrokinetic phenomena in micro- and meso-fluidic systems, focusing on current-ion transport through ion selective membranes. Two major challenges are addressed.
In the first part, the study reports that microchan...
This dissertation explores advanced electrokinetic phenomena in micro- and meso-fluidic systems, focusing on current-ion transport through ion selective membranes. Two major challenges are addressed.
In the first part, the study reports that microchannels coated with highly charged nanoporous layer display pronounced nonlinear streaming current behavior, breaking the classical linear flow-current relationship. Experimental and numerical analyses identify a reverse conduction current inside the membrane that opposes the pressure-driven streaming current. Reducing the Nafion layer thickness suppresses this counter flow, restores a near linear response, and substantially increases the streaming current magnitude. These results underline the decisive influence of the membrane’s structural and electrochemical properties on streaming current performance.
The second part develops an integrated process that couples ion concentration polarization (ICP) purification with hydrogen gas generation. Exploiting competitive transport between sodium (Na⁺) and proton (H⁺) ions, a single module simultaneously yields fresh water and hydrogen gas. Tests with micro- and meso-fluidic modules show that, under optimized conditions, high purification efficiency is maintained while a meaningful share of the electrical input is recovered as chemical energy stored in the produced hydrogen. This unified strategy transforms ICP from an energy intensive separation into a sustainable solution capable of addressing water and energy needs concurrently.
Through detailed experiments and modelling, the dissertation provides a comprehensive framework for designing next-generation electro-kinetic systems. The proposed strategies advance the broader goals of clean-water and clean-energy technologies, offering scalable and efficient answers to global challenges.