The restricted three-body problem describes the motion of a massless object under the gravitational influence of two heavy celestial bodies. In the Hamiltonian formulation, symplectic topology has provided a framework to study the global dynamics in r...
The restricted three-body problem describes the motion of a massless object under the gravitational influence of two heavy celestial bodies. In the Hamiltonian formulation, symplectic topology has provided a framework to study the global dynamics in relation to the topological properties of the phase space and energy surfaces. A longstanding problem in this context is the Birkhoff conjecture, which predicts the existence of a disk-like global surface of section for energies below the first critical value of the Hamiltonian.
In this thesis, we adopt a symplectic topological perspective to study the restricted three-body problem, and propose a computational framework for proving the Birkhoff conjecture. Using validated numerics, we rigorously establish the existence of planar retrograde and direct periodic orbit families over a wide range of perturbative mass ratios and energy levels. We also introduce a method to rigorously compute the Conley-Zehnder index of periodic Hamiltonian orbits, providing initial steps for developing computational Floer homology.
Combining these results with the convexity properties of energy surfaces, we identify the retrograde and direct orbits as binding orbits for disk-like global surfaces of section within a selected non-perturbative range of parameters. Finally, we provide and verify an explicit formula for such a surface of section, offering concrete progress towards the Birkhoff conjecture.