To tackle climate change, many countries have adopted carbon neutrality and green growth as their main strategies. To achieving both economic growth and environmental sustainability requires transformative technologies, for that, semiconductors play a...
To tackle climate change, many countries have adopted carbon neutrality and green growth as their main strategies. To achieving both economic growth and environmental sustainability requires transformative technologies, for that, semiconductors play a critical role by improving energy efficiency and accelerating information exchange. However, semiconductor manufacturing entails a significant environmental burden. It consumes a lot of energy and water resources, and emits high-global-warming-potential (GWP) greenhouse gases such as perfluorocarbons (PFCs), nitrogen trifluoride (NF₃), and sulphur hexafluoride (SF₆). To address these environmental challenges, firms have play an important role, many firms start to engage in environmental, social, and governance (ESG) reporting, while simultaneously investing in technological innovation and accelerating the transition toward a low-carbon energy systems.
This research employed the LMDI decomposition method to identify the key drivers of GHG emissions in the global semiconductor industry and used fixed-effects regression analysis to complement the limitation of LMDI, that it can prove the contribution not the correlation of the factor.
Based on the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC), the Porter Hypothesis, and Jevons Paradox, this study evaluates the impact of innovation on GHG emissions and examines how flexible regulatory frameworks such as ESG, RE100 influence firm’s decarbonization through technological advancement.
The LMDI decomposition results indicate that primary drivers of GHG emissions in the semiconductor industry are the activity effect, investment intensity effect and energy intensity effect. On the other hand, the main GHG reduction factors are structural effect, innovation intensity/efficiency effect, fossil fuel effect and coefficient effect. This result suggests that GHG emissions have increased alongside the growth of the semiconductor industry in recent years, in line with the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis’s scale effects. However, there are relative decoupling observed in certain firms, indicating that GHG emissions have grown at a slower rate than economic output. It’s means that the Semiconductor industry may in the turning points of EKC.
Technological innovation has consistently emerged as a primary driver of GHG emission reductions, as demonstrated by both decomposition and regression analyses. However, such advancements have led to increased energy intensity, as cutting-edge manufacturing processes typically demand higher energy inputs. Despite the increase of energy consumption, the total GHG emissions in 2023 was declined compared to previous years, it’s suggesting that the carbon rebound effect was constrained or effectively mitigated. Also, the firms participating in the RE100 initiative exhibited greater GHG reductions through technological innovation. This trend aligns with Porter’s Hypothesis, that well-designed, flexible environmental regulations can stimulate innovation, thereby enhancing both environmental performance and industrial competitiveness.
These findings show the importance of strategic investments in technological innovation and the accelerated adoption of renewable energy as key pathways for emission reductions. To reinforce this transition, government support must be strengthened, and institutional frameworks should be developed to facilitate broader voluntary participation in flexible environmental initiatives such as RE100 and ESG disclosure.