This study investigates the effects of cross-border mergers and acquisitions (CBM) on the business performance of medical device and dental equipment companies. Given the high regulatory sensitivity and technological intensity of the industry, the stu...
This study investigates the effects of cross-border mergers and acquisitions (CBM) on the business performance of medical device and dental equipment companies. Given the high regulatory sensitivity and technological intensity of the industry, the study aims to empirically assess how CBM affects global companies’ qualitative performance (profitability, efficiency, bargaining power) and quantitative growth (assets, revenue, equity), providing strategic implications for Korean companies.
The analysis utilizes a data set of global listed medical device companies from 2000 to 2024, combining M&A transaction data from a commercial DB provider, S&P Capital IQ with financial performance indicators from WRDS(Wharton Research Data Services) Compustat. A panel regression model is employed to examine post-CBM performance changes over varying time lags, while controlling for transaction structure and strategic intent. In addition, a cross-sectional chi-square analysis and qualitative case studies are used to evaluate structural patterns and strategic categories in CBM versus domestic M&A transactions.
The regression analysis finds that CBM has a statistically significant positive effect on operating profit margin before depreciation and working capital turnover, suggesting improvements in profitability and internal capital efficiency. However, a significant negative effect is observed on sales-to-invested-capital, indicating reduced capital productivity possibly due to integration costs and organizational complexity. In terms of growth, CBM contributed to increases in company size, particularly in companies employing forward integration strategies.
The chi-square analysis reveals clear structural differences between CBM and domestic M&A in terms of deal type (predominantly whole acquisitions), strategy type (vertical integration), and target industry (technology-intensive sectors). These findings support the view that CBM serves as a strategic mechanism for securing supply chains, accessing technology, and penetrating distribution channels.
Case studies further illustrate that CBM enables Korean SMEs in the medical device sector to rapidly acquire distribution networks, brand credibility, and regulatory certifications in foreign markets. The analysis shows that successful integration depends not only on deal size but also on alignment between strategic objectives and target selection.
Based on the mentioned research result above, this study provides empirical evidence that CBM can enhance both profitability and scale under specific conditions and strategic approaches. It highlights the need for Korean medical device companies to adopt tailored CBM strategies that account for regulatory risks, integration capabilities, and market entry barriers. By bridging industry-specific characteristics and M&A theory, this study offers both academic and practical contributions to global business strategy in the medical and dental device industries.