As human's average lifespan increases, health, particularly women's health, has become an interesting scientific topic due to its relevance to overall well-being and reproductive capacity. Globally, 10% of reproductive women has polycystic ovaries or ...
As human's average lifespan increases, health, particularly women's health, has become an interesting scientific topic due to its relevance to overall well-being and reproductive capacity. Globally, 10% of reproductive women has polycystic ovaries or polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). PCOS is known to be related to metabolic disorders such as obesity and insulin resistance. Despite its prevalence, the pathophysiology of PCOS is insufficiently understood, emphasizing the need for various research and proper animal models. In this study, we constructed PCOS mouse model via DHEA and therapeutic effect of pomegranate extract (Pg-hWE) was evaluated. Histological analysis demonstrated that Pg-hWE restored the presence of corpus luteum and reduced the number of atretic follicles, suggesting improved normal ovulation and decreased follicular degeneration. Immunoblotting analysis in uterine tissue showed that Pg-hWE decreased apoptosis-related markers such as BAX, cleaved caspase-3, and cleaved caspase-9. In ovarian tissue, Pg-hWE significantly downregulated mRNA expression of apoptotic and inflammatory markers (BAX, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-γ) while increasing anti-apoptotic Bcl-2. In addition, it regulated the expression of CYP11A1 and CYP17A1, genes involved in androgen biosynthesis, supporting its effect on hormonal regulation in PCOS. To link these in vivo effects to a molecular mechanism, we conducted in vitro experiments using CHO-K1 cell line. Pg-hWE reduced apoptosis and exhibited strong antioxidant capacity. Although these results demonstrate the therapeutic potential of Pg-hWE, the exact mechanisms remain unclear. Further mechanism studies are essential to fill the gap between in vivo and in vitro systems and may contribute to the development of novel treatment strategies for PCOS.