Androgenetic alopecia(AGA) is primarily linked to the interaction between 5-alpha reductase and dihydrotestosterone (DHT). AGA is not life-threatening, but it can lead to psychological issues such as depression and social withdrawal. Finasteride is a ...
Androgenetic alopecia(AGA) is primarily linked to the interaction between 5-alpha reductase and dihydrotestosterone (DHT). AGA is not life-threatening, but it can lead to psychological issues such as depression and social withdrawal. Finasteride is a 5-alpha reductase 2 inhibitor for AGA treatment. However, it may lead to side effects such as decreased sexual desire and erectile dysfunction. Southeast Asia’s traditional herb, Connarus Semidecandrus Jack, has potential anti-alopecia properties. However, its oral administration effect and active compounds are unrevealed. The research aimed to determine the possibility for oral formulation of Connarus Semidecandrus Jack Ethanol Extract (CE), and found the effective compounds contained in CE. CE was evaluated with Testosterone Propionate (T.P.) induced AGA-model. After euthanized, frequency of hair type and Width of hair Comparison, ELISA, Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining, Western blot, qPCR were used to check the anti-alopecia activity of CE oral injection. Molecular Docking and 5-alpha Reductase assay were conducted to analyze the active compound in CE. Results showed that oral application of CE led to hair recovery, had similarities with the effects in the finasteride treatment group. Improvements were noted in hair width and type classification, indicating that CE may have potential as a therapy in AGA. In histopathological analysis, hair follicle loss was decreased in CE group. Moreover, expression of apoptosis and the Androgen receptor decreased in CE group. Plus, CE oral injection didn’t show any toxicity in the liver and kidneys. Compounds like flavonoids in CE showed inhibition effects on the activity of 5-alpha reductase and Androgen Receptor (AR). Especially, miquelianin showed the potency of the drug candidate with higher binding affinity than finasteride. CE showed the suppression of alopecia and hair recovery, inhibition of AR and downstream factors like DKK-1, TGF-β1, IL-6. Also, it showed non-toxicity to liver and kidney indicating the possibilities for oral drug. Plus, compounds included in CE, especially miquelianin, showed we need to evaluate the probability in future studies.