갈색지방은 외부 환경의 변화에 반응하여 몸의 에너지 항상성을 유지하는 데에 매우 중요한 역할을 한다. 갈색지방은 주로 열 생성을 담당하여 체온을 유지시켜주며, 이러한 갈색지방에 문...

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https://www.riss.kr/link?id=T16974319
Seoul : Sungkyunkwan University, 2024
Thesis(Ph.D.) -- Graduate School, Sungkyunkwan University , Department of Medicine , 2024
2024
영어
510 판사항(6)
610 판사항(23)
서울
iv, 99 leaves : illustrations (some color) ; 30 cm
Adviser: Chang-Woo Lee
Includes bibliographies
0
상세조회0
다운로드갈색지방은 외부 환경의 변화에 반응하여 몸의 에너지 항상성을 유지하는 데에 매우 중요한 역할을 한다. 갈색지방은 주로 열 생성을 담당하여 체온을 유지시켜주며, 이러한 갈색지방에 문...
갈색지방은 외부 환경의 변화에 반응하여 몸의 에너지 항상성을 유지하는 데에 매우 중요한 역할을 한다. 갈색지방은 주로 열 생성을 담당하여 체온을 유지시켜주며, 이러한 갈색지방에 문제가 생길 경우 여러 가지 대사 질환이 동반된다. 실제 많은 연구 결과들을 통해 대사 질환들을 치료하는 새로운 치료 전략으로써 갈색지방의 활성을 표적으로 하는 것이 중요하다는 사실이 밝혀졌지만, 현재까지 갈색지방의 활성을 높이는 분자적 메커니즘에 대해서는 많이 알려지지 않았다. 저온 노출 시에 갈색지방은 열 생성을 위해 단백질 합성에 대한 높은 요구를 받으며, 이는 갈색지방세포에 스트레스로 작용하여 세포 내 스트레스에 대응하는 신호 전달이 이루어지게 된다. 본 연구는 저온 노출 동안에 갈색 지방 내에 증가되는 탈인산화 효소 Ssu72가 갈색지방 세포의 열 생성에 필수적인 단백질 합성 과정을 조절하는 역할을 한다는 것을 새롭게 밝혔다. Ssu72는 지방 조직들 중에서도 특이적으로 갈색지방에서 높게 발현되며, 특히 저온에 노출된 상황일 때 갈색지방 내의 발현이 더욱 증가되었다. 지방세포 특이적으로 Ssu72 유전자를 결손 시킨 마우스 모델을 제작한 결과 다른 백색지방에서는 큰 차이가 보이지 않았으나 갈색지방에서는 백색화가 관찰되었으며, 갈색지방 내의 미토콘드리아 구조 또한 Ssu72 결손에 의해 완전히 망가져 있었다. 또한 마우스를 저온에 노출시켰을 때 잘 적응하는 정상 Ssu72를 가진 대조군과는 다르게, 지방세포 특이적 Ssu72 결손 마우스 모델은 저온 환경에 적응하지 못하고 생명에 영향을 줄 정도로 체온이 급격히 감소하는 것을 관찰하였다. 추가적인 분자적 메커니즘 연구를 통해, 본 연구에서는 갈색지방의 Ssu72가 세포 내 스트레스 반응에 관여하는 eIF2α의 탈인산화를 직접적으로 일으킨다는 것을 밝혔다. Ssu72 결손에 의한 eIF2α의 과도한 인산화는 세포 내의 전반적인 단백질 합성을 억제할 뿐만 아니라 미토콘드리아의 산화적 인산화 단백질의 합성도 낮추었으며, 이로 인해 미토콘드리아의 기능 장애와 열 생성에 문제를 일으켰다. 흥미롭게도, 이러한 Ssu72 결손으로부터 발생한 BAT의 기능 문제는 BAT에 Ssu72를 다시 정상적으로 발현시키자 회복되는 것이 관찰되었다. 이러한 결과들은 탈인산화 효소 Ssu72가 열 생성에 관여하는 단백질의 합성을 촉진시킨다는 것을 보여주며, 이는 갈색지방의 열 생성 과정에 있어서 단백질 합성을 조절하는 것이 매우 중요하다는 것을 시사한다. 또한 세포 내 스트레스 반응에서의 Ssu72의 기능을 고려하였을 때, 이 연구는 세포 내 스트레스가 과도하게 유도되는 여러 가지 대사 질환에서 갈색지방을 활성화시키는 새로운 치료 전략으로 여겨진다.
다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) plays a crucial role in orchestrating whole-body energy balance, particularly by responding to environmental temperature changes. Brown adipocytes are specialized for heat production through non-shivering thermogenesis, and ...
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) plays a crucial role in orchestrating whole-body energy balance, particularly by responding to environmental temperature changes. Brown adipocytes are specialized for heat production through non-shivering thermogenesis, and defective BAT thermogenesis is associated with metabolic pathologies. Although targeting BAT activity is a promising therapeutic approach for metabolic disorders, the molecular mechanisms enhancing thermogenic activity in BAT remain unclear. During cold exposure, BAT undergoes dramatic metabolic changes in response to high demands of protein synthesis for thermogenesis. Here, I investigate the role of Ssu72 phosphatase in synthesis of thermogenic effectors in BAT during cold exposure. Ssu72 phosphatase is highly enriched in thermogenic adipose tissue, especially in BAT. The expression level of Ssu72 is increased in BAT in response to acute cold exposure, indicating that Ssu72 is a key regulator of thermogenic adaption in BAT. Genetic loss of adipocyte Ssu72 causes conversion of brown adipocytes to white-like adipocytes and induce disruption of mitochondrial structure. Moreover, mice lacking adipocyte Ssu72 exhibit severe cold intolerance and become lethal within hours of cold exposure. Mechanistically, this study reveals that Ssu72 deficiency disrupts protein synthesis in brown adipocytes through hyperphosphorylation of eIF2α, a key component of the integrated stress response (ISR). This eIF2α hyperphosphorylation not only affects general protein synthesis but also specifically reduces the translation of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) subunits, leading to mitochondrial dysfunction and impaired thermogenesis in BAT. Remarkably, BAT dysfunction caused by loss of Ssu72 can be effectively reversed by reintroducing ectopic Ssu72 expression in BAT. These findings highlight the importance of Ssu72 phosphatase in facilitating mRNA translation required for thermogenesis and shed light on the regulation of protein synthesis during adaptive thermogenesis in BAT. By elucidating the role of Ssu72 in ISR regulation, this study provides novel insights into the regulation of thermogenic processes and suggests potential therapeutic strategies for metabolic diseases by targeting BAT function.
목차 (Table of Contents)
참고문헌 (Reference)
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