미숙아 어머니들의 모유수유 지식, 태도 및 실천에 관한 연구

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this study was to investigate mothers of premature babies who had experience of hospitalization at K General Hospital located in G city from August 26 to September 25, 2022 to find out the correlation among their breastfeeding knowledge, attitude and practice. A total of 118 mothers were included in the survey and the data were analyzed for mothers whose babies were born prematurely at less than 37 weeks and were more than 12 months old. This study identified preterm mothers’characteristics, their babies’characteristics, barriers to breastfeeding, their breastfeeding knowledge, attitudes and practices. Accordingly, correlations among them were analyzed. The analytical methods used for this study were frequency, percentage, standard deviation, t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe's test, and Pearson's correlation coefficients.

The results of the study can be summarized as follows.

1. The preterm mothers’average age in this study was 35.5 years old. The highest level of education was college graduate(51.7%), and 58.5% of them had a job, which meant more than half of them had a job. The average monthly household income was more than 5 million won(26.3%), which was the highest.

2. As for the gender of premature babies, males accounted for 56.8%, which was higher than females with 43.2%. The weight at birth was 2.0-2.5kg (45.8%), and the average birth weight was 2.2kg. The average number of weeks of birth for premature babies was 33 weeks and 4 days, and less than 30-35 weeks was the highest(74.4%). The most deciding factor for breastfeeding was personal beliefs (61.0%), and the number of children including premature babies was more than two (56.8%).

3. In this study, preterm mothers' breastfeeding practice rate was 9.3%, with 4.2% complete breastfeeding and 5.1% mixed breastfeeding.

4. The factors for breastfeeding disorders for them were 'nutritional supply due to lack of breast milk.'(31.8%) and 'problems related to the birth of premature babies such as difficulty in breastfeeding during hospitalization.' (30.8%).

5. Their breastfeeding knowledge was 5.93 out of 10, and the standard deviation was 1.68. The highest percentage of correct answers was 77.1%, with questions 5 and 8.(5 - ‘It is recommended that the mother throw away her breast milk for 2-3 days after delivery.’, 8 - ‘Mom needs to feed less if she suffers from mastitis.’) On the other hand, the answer rate of question 7 was the lowest at 27.1%,‘When a mother has mastitis, breastfeeding her child also infects the baby.’

6. The degree of attitude toward breastfeeding by them averaged 70.84 points out of 100 and the standard deviation was 11.83. Among the total questions, the average score of 19th question, 'Breast milk may be worse than milk powder' was the highest at 4.10, and the average score of 12th question, 'I'm worried that I don't know if the baby ate enough breast milk' was the lowest at 2.43.

7. The variables affecting breastfeeding knowledge were age (F=5.584, p=0.005), education (F=3.584, p=0.016), average monthly total income of families (F=2.645, p=0.037), and determinants of breastfeeding (F=3.560, p=0.001).

8. Variable affecting breastfeeding attitude was age (F=3.576, p=0.031), variables affecting cognitive area was age (F=3.568, p=0.031), the variables of emotional area were premature babies’weight at birth (F=2.510, p=0.046), and breastfeeding determinants(F=2.336, p=0.023). At last, the variable of behavioral area was breastfeeding determinants (F=2.878, p=0.006).

9. Knowledge of breastfeeding had a significant positive correlation with breastfeeding attitude (r=.311, p=0.000), but was not significant with breastfeeding practice (r=.028, p=0.759). The breastfeeding practice had a significant positive correlation with breastfeeding attitude (r=.179, p=0.049).

The following suggestions were made based on the results of this study.

First, we propose a foundation for establishing a system to improve preterm mothers’breastfeeding practice rate during the hospitalization period of the neonatal intensive care unit.

Second, since this study selected preterm mothers who were conveniently sampled from one general hospital as the study subjects, this study suggests expanding the factors affecting breastfeeding practice rate and conducting repeated research on preterm mothers in various regions in order to generalize the study results.

Third, this study proposes a nursing intervention study so that preterm mothers can have a positive attitude toward breastfeeding by developing a breastfeeding nursing intervention program for them.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 제1장 서론 1
• 제1절 연구의 필요성 1
• 제2절 연구목적 5
• 제3절 용어정의 5
• 제2장 문헌고찰 7
• 제1절 모유수유 7
• 제2절 모유수유 지식 9
• 제3절 모유수유 태도 11
• 제4절 모유수유 실천 13
• 제3장 연구방법 16
• 제1절 연구 설계 16
• 제2절 연구 대상 16
• 제3절 연구 대상에 대한 윤리적 고려 17
• 제4절 연구 도구 17
• 제5절 자료수집 및 윤리적인 고려 18
• 제6절 자료분석 방법 19
• 제7절 연구의 제한점 19
• 제4장 연구결과 20
• 제1절 연구 대상자의 특성 20
• 제2절 모유수유 지식 24
• 제3절 모유수유 태도 25
• 제4절 모유수유 실천율 27
• 제5절 미숙아 어머니 특성에 따른 모유수유 지식, 태도, 및 실천의 정도 차이 28
• 제6절 모유수유 지식, 태도 및 실천 간의 상관관계 37
• 제5장 논의 38
• 제6장 결론 및 제언 44
• 참고문헌 47
• 부록 55