There are various debates on the dynamics of changing world order and what determines the current international system. Yet, it seems undeniable that the U.S.-China’s evolving relations are at the core of such debates. Meanwhile, there are prior sec...
There are various debates on the dynamics of changing world order and what determines the current international system. Yet, it seems undeniable that the U.S.-China’s evolving relations are at the core of such debates. Meanwhile, there are prior security issues remaining volatile today. One of the problems is North Korea’s possession of nuclear weapons and the divergence of its programs. After since North Korea had quit the Nuclear Non- Proliferation Treaty (NPT), the issue has been regarded as an entangled conundrum to both the U.S. and China. Overall, these two countries comprehensively agreed upon the peace and stability of the Korean peninsula. However, the perspective of viewing the progress of such state varies, since both countries’ national interest involved on the matter is different.
The most recent critical juncture was the heightening of crisis in 2017, triggered by Pyongyang’s testing of ICBM and thermonuclear weapons. Surprisingly, there were vigorous policy transitions within few years, showing a wide range from pressure to engagement. It was alike a thumbnail of 30 years of the U.S.’ North Korea policy. However, it was not only the U.S. but also China which displayed fast shifts in its position with North Korea. The puzzle of this research started with, “why are there distinctive fluctuations shown simultaneously on both the U.S. and China’s North Korea policy during the years from 2017 to 2020,” and “what accounts for such behaviors of the U.S. and China?”
Through the examination of both countries’ North Korea policy during the relevant period, the research aims to reveal the outputs of both countries resulting in some form of adjustments in North Korea affairs. The central argument of this paper is that the interaction of the two major powers produced a certain behavior in North Korea policy, influenced by different national interests—even though there are times when these interests target each other. Also, the study adapts the intervening feature of national interests at the domestic level, claimed by the neoclassical realism. With such theoretical elements, the paper seeks to provide a new perspective on North Korea policies from 2017 to 2020. The research takes a position that the coordination of the U.S. and China in North Korea affairs does not necessarily happen with conscious and explicit agreements, rather realized when the priority of national interests meet upon loose expectations on certain regional security challenges.