South Korea’s young generation will be the future leaders of a unified Korea. The older generation, however, is becoming increasingly concerned about the negative views of unification harbored by the younger generation. Young people today display a ...
South Korea’s young generation will be the future leaders of a unified Korea. The older generation, however, is becoming increasingly concerned about the negative views of unification harbored by the younger generation. Young people today display a negative view of unification and North Korean defectors. This is markedly different from previous generations who actively supported unification. There has been some positive change in young generation’s views due to the recent rapprochement in South-North Korean relations. Still, they tend to display negative attitudes toward North Korean defectors who, in a sense, represent “early unification.”
Young South Korean people today are increasingly coming into contact with North Korean defectors and their relationship rests on a relatively equal footing. However, it is worthwhile to note that those South Korean young people whose frequency of contact with North Koreans is increasing harbor very complex and subtle emotions regarding North Korean defectors.
The present study analyzes young South Korean people’s discrimination against North Korean defectors. Discrimination operates as a mechanism that sets South Koreans and North Korean defectors apart. By identifying the causes and types of a particular sentiment harbored by those young people who display positive attitudes toward unification and North Korean defectors, it will become possible to predict potential sociocultural conflict after Korean unification.
In order to analyze young South Korean people’s sentiment toward North Koreans, the research began by examining their perceptions of unification and North Korea. Even if their perceptions of North Korea changed positively, their attitudes toward North Korean defectors remained negative. The younger generation no longer necessarily associated with their feelings about North Korea with North Korean defectors.
North Korean defectors feel discriminated by questions repeatedly posed by South Korea’s young generation. In the minds of North Korean defectors, South Koreans see them as highly unusual people who came from a country too poor and abnormal for human life. The lack of knowledge and curiosity on the part of South Koreans can be hurtful to North Korean defectors. In their encounters with North Korean defectors, young South Koreans operate from stereotypical notions. The study found that South Koreans tend to take pity on and sympathize with North Koreans who match stereotypical expectations but display negative attitudes toward those who do not conform.
As the study found, stereotypes are persistent even among young people who come into frequent contact with North Korean defectors. These South Koreans were confused as to how to treat North Korean defectors in their frequent encounters. This was manifested in their uneasiness about being considerate toward North Koreans. Either the defection did not operate as a reason to be considerate or young people perceived North Koreans as a subject of consideration. South Koreans became discontent and frustrated with the government’s assistance for North Korean defectors. The younger generation feel that North Korean defectors are exempt from the severe competition that defines the lives of South Koreans. Subconsciously, South Koreans feel superior to North Koreans, which makes them continue to distinguish themselves from North Koreans.
Young South Korean people’s discrimination is not all together negative because it does indicate that they regard unification as a practical concern and remain engaged in interactions with North Korean defectors. In comparison to older generations, young people are coming into contact with North Korean defectors at an increasing rate and regard unification from a realistic point of view.
In order to promote a better understanding of North Korean defectors who have become a part of South Korean society and of people in North Korea who will someday inhabit a unified Korean peninsula, it is important to accurately recognize the discrimination harbored by young South Koreans. The first step in overcoming the discrimination, which can be subtle and veiled, is to come face-to-face with what it is that makes South Koreans feel uneasy in their encounters with North Korean defectors. To achieve “early unification” in conjunction with North Korean defectors, it is necessary for young South Koreans to engage in serious self-reflection.