環境的 要因이 音樂才能에 미치는 影響

국문 초록 (Abstract)

敎育은 學校 안에서만 이루어지는 것이 아니라 家庭이나 地域社會등의 影響을 받은 것이다. 學校敎育이 形式을 갖춘 敎育이라면 學校를 둘러싼 여러 가지 制度와 環境은 非形式的이긴 하나 學校敎育 못지않게 큰 힘과 影響力을 가지고 있다.
이러한 관점에서 볼 때 家庭環境은 人間이 基本的인 生活을 영위해 나가는 場(field)으로서 人間敎育에 커다란 影響을 미치는 要因이 된다고 볼 수 있다.
環境은 단순히 人間을 둘러싸고 있는 空間을 의미하는 것이 아니라 人間과 관계를 가지면서 人間에게 作用하는 모든 要因의 總合이라고 정의한다면 그 중에서도 家庭環境과 學習의 터전이 되는 學校環境을 輕視할 수 없다. 이에 基因하여 本 硏究에서는 黃應淵, 柳德熙가 共同으로 制作한 「標準化 音樂才能檢査」와 Shaw등에 의해 制作된 音樂에 대한 態度檢査를 통하여 환경적 요인(가정환경, 학교환경)과의 聯關을 살펴보고자 한다.
本 檢査를 실시하기 위하여 서울시내에서 환경요인이 좋은 G국민학교 407명(남239 여168)을 선정하여 편의상 A集團이라 하고, 比較集團으로 H국민학교 420명(남223, 여197)을 선정하여 B集團이라 칭했으며 5학년, 6학년만을 대상으로 하여 다음과 같은 結果를 얻었다.
첫째, A, B集團間의 才能 및 態度의 比較에 있어서는 環境的 要因이 월등한 A集團이 才能檢査 전반에 걸쳐 매우 의미있는 水準(P<.01)에서 B集團 보다 높은 才能을 보였으며 態度에 있어서는 A, B集團間에 별다른 差를 나타내지 않았다.
둘째, 才能檢査 結果, 綜合點數의 平均値를 중심으로 上·下集團으로 나누어 態度와의 相關을 알아보았던 바 上集團은 r=.16, 下集團은 r=.02로 모두 낮은 相關을 나타냈다.
셋째, 교과 외의 시간에 피아노, 바이올린 등과 같이 音樂科外敎習을 받는 敎習集團과 그 외 敎習을 받지 않는 一般集團의 音樂才能 및 態度를 比較하여 본 結果, 예상한 바와 같이 敎習集團이 대체로 有意한 水準(P<.05)에서 더 높은 才能을 나타냈다. 態度에 있어서도 역시 敎習集團이 一般集團보다 매우 의미있는 差로 높게 나타났다.
넷째, 學年別 比較에서는 6學年이 5學年보다 길이, 셈여림, 종합에서 더 높은 才能을 보였으며 態度檢査 結果는 5學年이 6學年보다 매우 의미있는 差로 높게 나타났다.
다섯째, 性別 比較에서는 女子集團이 男子集團보다 더 높은 才能을 나타냈으며 態度 面에 있어서도 女子集團이 더 높게 나타났다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Undoubtedly the process of education is not limited to the boundary of campus but subjected to influence of home and community. School education can be defined as a formal process but various systems and environment have a great capacity and influence comparable to that of school education.
Viewing from this standpoint, home environment can be considered as a field where human being lead their basic living and which has a significant effect to the education of men.
The environment do not necessarily mean mere space surrounding men but can be seen as an aggregate sum of all factors having relationship with human being and affect them simultaneously. Amongst these factors, the school environment providing ground for study could not be treated lightly.
In this treatise I intended to find out relationship between environmental factors (home environment and school environment) by referring to the research of behavior on the attitude of music under the title of "Standardized Musical Talent Research" coauthored by HWANG Ung Yun and YOO Duk Hee and a research for the same topic by Shaw.
To conduct this research 407 students of G Primary School (male: 239, female: 168) which has a favorable environmental condition in downtown Seoul have been selected and called as a Group A for the purpose of this research and 420 students of H Primary School (male: 223, female: 197) were selected as a comparison group and named as Group B.
In view of understanding difficulty the object of research was chosen among the 5th and the 6th graders only and the results were as follows:
First, in comparison of talent and attitude between the Groups A and B, as for talent the Group A which has superior environmental factors showed higher talent in a significant level (P<.01) comprehensively, however, in respect of attitude there has been no major difference shown between these two Groups.
Second, the results of talent research founded in respect of interrelationship in the attitude between higher and lower groups on the criteria of average value of the aggregate showed very low interrelationship with the higher group having r=.16 and the lower group r=.02.
Third, the group receiving extra-curricular lessons of piano and violin after classes was selected as study group and the others as non-study group. The comparison made regarding talent and attitude showed, as expected, that the major group has generally higher talent in the significant level (P<.05) and as for attitude study group children showed a very significantly higher level than non-study group children.
Fouth, in respect of comparision by sex, female group showed higher talent in length and summation and in total points.
Attitude research showed a result indicating significant difference favoring the 5th graders against the 6th graders.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 목차
• 國文抄錄 = i
• I. 序論 = 1
• II. 理論的 背景 = 3
• A. 學習의 興味 및 態度 = 3
• B. 學習의 環境 = 7
• C. 音樂才能 = 9
• III. 硏究問題 = 15
• IV. 硏究의 對象, 道具 및 方法 = 16
• A. 對象 = 16
• B. 道具 = 16
• C. 方法 = 20
• V. 結果 및 解釋 = 21
• VI. 論議 = 38
• 參考文獻 = 41
• 英文抄錄 = 44
• 附錄 = 47