(The) relationship between food security and peace : the conflicts in Nigeria

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The research will prove that the long lasting famine and hunger are the cause of the Sub-Saharan African instability. The research will mainly concentrate on the conflict between Nigeria and the terrorist group Bokoharam. It is meaningful that this paper introduces one of the non-traditional approaches, food security, as the main cause of the conflict in Nigeria. Then the paper will talk about why the food security has not been solved in Nigeria.

The conflicts between Nigeria and Bokoharam have been considered as ethnic and religious conflict. The military power and diplomacies were thought to be the variables for conflict. Traditional security concept has provided grounds for that approach. However, the main reason for the conflict is food deprivation. With climate change, food deprivation caused the conflict. This is worldwide phenomenon with the emergence of globalization. With the interconnectivity, each nation became mutually affected by many variables including non-militaristic variables. Food security is one of the non-militaristic variables that became the cause of the conflict. This can be proved not only in Africa but also in other regions such as the Middle East. The Middle East can be the mirror for the Nigerian case.

The fact that the climate change is unfavorable to Sub-Saharan African agriculture is making problem worse. The climate change itself is changing the land condition of Sub-Saharan Africa. In this circumstance, the domestic conditions of these nations including Nigeria are not working well to respond against climate change. With the poor external and internal environment surrounding Nigeria, with its poor infrastructure and underdeveloped technology, Nigeria is not responding well with food security issues.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• I. Introduction 1
• II. Literature review 5
• III. Nigerian Food security:Lessons from the Middle East 10
• IV. Food security and peace in Nigeria .....20
• 4.1. Food insecurity as a decisive factor in Nigeria ....................20
• 4.2. Causes for food insecurity......................................................21
• 4.2.1. National conditions .21
• 4.2.2. Gender inequality 23
• 4.2.3. Poor agricultural infrastructure 29
• 4.2.4. Scientific incapability 46
• V. Conclusion and Recommendations 53
• VI. Bibliography 57