Nowadays, the total amount of sharing from elderly population is considerable. According to Community Chest (2014), 16.0% of domestic giving and 9.5% of volunteering hours are rated by the elderly population over sixty years old, and the increase rang...
Nowadays, the total amount of sharing from elderly population is considerable. According to Community Chest (2014), 16.0% of domestic giving and 9.5% of volunteering hours are rated by the elderly population over sixty years old, and the increase range and per capita participation rate far exceed any other generation's average. Despite such fact, domestic academy and practice fields' interest is not as high.
This study is based on such critical mind and aims 1)to provide academically basic data and 2)to realize that the elderly population is a critical resource of sharing on practice fields. Therefore, this study implemented a comprehensive approach to verify the influence factors, relationship and the differences between age groups of elderly population's amount of money donation and time of volunteer participation, based on resource perspective of Wilson and Musick(1997), as well as primary factors that have been reported to affect giving and volunteering in previous studies.
Data from 2015 Korean Social Survey of National Statistical Office is employed. 10,819 elderly over sixty years old among 39,282, the total sample, is conducted in the final analysis of this study. SURTobit is conducted for effective estimation of multiple regression model, in which two or more dependent variables can have correlation.
The results of this study are as follows: First, sub factors of human, social, cultural capital that are provided in the perspective of resource, regarding the amount of donation and volunteer time, are found to have static influence, sharing similar tendency with the studies that do not discriminate age groups. However, marriage status and state of employment, among other population sociological factors, are found to be different to a certain extent. Second, elderly population's amount of donation and volunteer time are verified to be in spill-over/complementary relation, with identical results in young-old elderly and old-old elderly. Third, the difference between age groups within the elderly population, in terms of amount of donation and volunteer time, is clearly verified, with young-old elderly's participation in both the amount of money and volunteer time being significantly higher than that of the old-old's. Fourth, whereas the factors that affect the amount of money have similar tendency in both young-old and old-old elderly, variables including marriage status, state of employment, residential districts have significant meaning in young-old elderly. Fifth, in terms of the factors that affect volunteer time, it is verified that sub factors of social resources need to be attended.
This study extends understanding of elderly population's sharing, provides the results of study in unique characteristics of Korean elderly's sharing. Also, it employs SURTobit as a new research method, with dependent variables, such as donation and volunteer, which can be correlated. Furthermore, this study puts forward what needs to be considered to promote elderly population's sharing on action fields. As its conclusion, social resource must be primarily considered and giving is a way of sharing, which can be done irrespective of physical conditions. Also, secure strategies for givers and volunteers need to be classified and it is concluded that existing givers and volunteers are more likely to participate as volunteers and givers, respectively. Moreover, secure strategies for fund raising and volunteers among different age groups need to be classified differently and database of potential givers or those in elderly population that are considering to become volunteers need to be secured. Lastly, service grouping within low income elderly group can be more effective in diverse aspects.
As this study is based on secondary data, the effectiveness of predictors are limitedly verified and tertiary variables may have not been considered. Also, causation between independent variables and dependent variables may have not been precisely analyzed, as this study used cross-section data.