구원역사 안에서 드러난 하느님의 새 계약 예고와 성취에 대한 고찰 : 새 계약(예레 31,31-34)을 중심으로 = A Study on God's Promise of New Covenant and the Achievement in the History of Salvation : Centering on Jer 31,31-34

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

God of the Old Testament never abandons his people who become mortal and suffer the pain because of the original sin. The Lord himself chose Israel first and specifically intervened in the history of Israel to unfold his work of salvation by making a ‘covenant’. This ‘covenant’ reveals his actual will for salvation and he permanently guarantees effectuation of the covenant. In God’s position, the ‘covenant’ is also a significant passage revealing his will for salvation, but for Israel, it is an important window to realize and establish their own identity. Therefore, a ‘covenant’ makes possible that the friendship between God and human is re-established, that is to say, Yahweh becomes God of Israel and makes Israel reborn to become his own people. However, Israel was not faithful as the people of God throughout the history and they violated the contractual relationship and this eventually made them face a national suffering, Babylonian Exile. During this period, there was a person who delivered a message of hope and comfort through proclaiming the new covenant. That was Prophet Jeremiah. “The new covenant” he proclaimed was completely fulfilled through “the covenant in Jesus’ blood” (Lk 22,20; 1Co 11,25).

In this context, the current study examines “the New Covenant” texts appeared in the Jeremiah (Jer 31:31-34) which is the only text including a word of “the new covenant”, with the topic of “A Study on God's Promise of New Covenant and the Achievement in the History of Salvation.” Based on this examination, the current study considered his fulfillment of “the new covenant” through Jesus Christ who is a direct evidence of God’s will for salvation.
In chapter Ⅰ, the position and role of the text were examined through a preliminary study. According to the study, the text is in ‘the book of comfort’ (30-31) where the message of the comfort and the hope is mainly treated. Other salvific trusts were composed in the text, based on “the new covenant”. Therefore, “the new covenant” in the text intensively suggested details of trust which delivered the comfort and the hope in the book of Jeremiah and was at the center of ‘the book of comfort’.
In chapter Ⅱ, the main idea of “the new covenant” in the book of Jeremiah was examined by doing exegesis on the main text, based on results from preliminary analysis. The main text suggested the new relationship between God and Israel with the concept of “the new covenant”. The first paragraph (verse 31-32) shows that Israel violated ‘the old covenant’ with unfaithful lives, but God declared that he would make “the new covenant” with his own people. “The new covenant” has two specific meanings, “renewed” and “newness”. This multiple meanings reveal both continuity and discontinuity exist between the old covenant and the new covenant, considering the relationship between them. The continuity between two covenants means that “the new covenant” is built up on “the old covenant” and it demonstrates a salvific hope and at the same time it is a completion of ‘the old covenant’. The second paragraph (verse 33) ultimately concertizes recovery of relation with God through the discontinuity between two covenants, in other words, ‘internalization of law’ which is a newness of “the new covenant”. Third paragraph (verse 34) reveals ‘general knowledge of God’ from the effect of ‘internalization of law’ and demonstrates that ‘forgiveness of sin’ is a premise for the newness of “the new covenant”.
In chapter Ⅲ, theological meaning of “the new covenant”, ‘internalization of the law’, and ‘the forgiveness of sin’ were examined. These were granted as the ‘eschatological promise’. Furthermore, it was studied that how “the new covenant” was accomplished within Jesus Christ who is the summit of God’s will for salvation based on the new testament. According to the study, the meanings of ‘the internalization of the law’, ‘general knowledge of God’, and ‘the forgiveness of sin’ are the bases of making “the new covenant” “truly new”, and those reveal the recovery of relationship between God and Israel and guarantee the continuity of “the new covenant”. This demonstrates that love of God led his people so that they can set out anew with him as God purified stubborn heart of Israel through an unconditional gift, ‘forgiveness of sin’ and internalized his own law into it. This “new covenant” was given as a promise for ‘apocalyptical salvation’ for the day of salvation implying the future hope and it was completely fulfilled through Jesus Christ in the New Testament.

The current study examined “the new covenant” by focusing on when and how the new covenant was fulfilled in the history of Israel based on “the new covenant” revealed in Jer 31,31-34. Through the current study, it was discovered that “the new covenant” given by Jeremiah was completely and fully accomplished through Jesus Christ, the summit of God’s will for salvation.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 서 론 1
• Ⅰ. 본문에 대한 예비적 분석 3
• 1.1. 본문 시역 3
• 1.2. 본문의 위치와 역할 4
• 1.3. 본문의 구조 13
• Ⅱ. 본문 주석 16
• 2.1. 31-32절 16
• 2.2. 33절 31
• 2.3. 34절 41
• Ⅲ. 하느님의 새 계약 예고와 성취 48
• 3.1. 시대적 상황 48
• 3.2. 예레 31,31-34에 드러난 새 계약의 신학적 의미 50
• 3.2.1. 새로운 계약 50
• 3.2.2. 율법의 내면화 52
• 3.2.3. 죄의 용서 56
• 3.2.4. 종말론적 약속 58
• 3.3. 새 계약의 완전한 성취 - 예수 그리스도 60
• 3.3.1. 공관복음서 61
• 3.3.2. 바오로 서간 64
• 3.3.3. 히브리서 66
• 결 론 69
• 약 어 표 72
• 참 고 문 헌 73