의무교육 유예·면제자의 교육권 보장 방안 = The Measures for the Educational Right of Students who want to Drop out of School in the Compulsory Education

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The Measures for the Educational Right of Students who want to Drop out of School in the Compulsory

This dissertation is intended to derive a measure of guaranteeing the right to education of people in probation or exempt from compulsory education for not being able to complete studies due to unavoidable reasons. Compulsory education is an instrument for policy that guarantees the right to education for citizens and makes the government fulfill an obligation of education by providing the least and also elementary education for the entire nation regardless of social background or economical status. As for a legal ground, the 2nd article in the 31st provision from constitution represents a clause that all the citizens are obligated to provide at least elementary education and also an academic curriculum that the law specifies for their children. The 8th provision in the Fundamentals of Education Act has specified a compulsory education as six years of elementary education and three years of secondary education. In addition, the 13th provision in the Elementary and Secondary Education Act has specified an obligation of parents to send their children to school in a certain age.
As shown above, not all the children fulfill a course of education the law specifies even if a compulsory education is specifically defined by the law.
The first provision in the constitution has specified a clause that "all the citizens have a right to be equally educated depending on ability." Hereupon, all the citizen are eligible to have a proper level of education depending on the ability. If there are students that could not complete a course of compulsory education regardless of the reason, the government is obligated to provide an appropriate and necessary education for them and to guarantee for the freedom of education not to be violated.
Compulsory education is established for an objective that all the citizens are to receive minimum education in order to realize a right to education. However, it is now an issue that current law might serve as an obstacle for providing superior education to students.
It is not desired to equate compulsory education specified in the constitution with an obligation for parents to send their children to school in a certain age according to Elementary and Secondary Education Act and the Fundamentals of Education Act. Hereupon, alternative schools, home-schooling, and preparatory schools have been suggested as a measure of guaranteeing the right of compulsory education for students that were not able to complete a current course of study in elementary and middle school.
In order to maintain a stable legal status of aforementioned measures while according with the purpose of constitution, it has been suggested that organization of regulations for establishing and operating alternative schools to be actively accepted, addition of exceptional clauses on the obligation of parents to send their children to school in a certain age from Elementary and Secondary Education Act and the Fundamentals of Education Act, and preparation of a single law for alternative schools and home-schooling are required.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. 서 론 1
• 1. 연구의 목적 1
• 2. 연구의 방법 및 범위 2
• Ⅱ. 의무교육의 법적 의의 4
• 1. 의무교육에 있어서 의무의 내용 4
• (1) 문제의 소재 4
• (2) 의무의 내용과 관련한 법령 및 학설과 판례 5
• 2. 의무교육제도의 구조 9
• (1) 개요 9
• (2) 보호자의 취학의무 10
• (3) 지방자치단체의 학교설치의무 10
• (4) 학령기 아동에 대한 고용금지의무 10
• (5) 지방교육행정기관의 취학원조(교육보조)의무 11
• 3. 의무 불이행의 효과 11
• Ⅲ. 의무교육 유예·면제자의 개념, 현황과 원인 13
• 1. 개념 13
• (1) 유예 14
• (2) 면제 14
• 2. 연도별 취학률, 진학률, 유예·면제율 현황 14
• (1) 연도별 취학률 현황 14
• (2) 연도별 진학률 현황 16
• (3) 연도별 학업중단율 현황 17
• 3. 다문화가정 및 북한이탈주민 자녀 현황 19
• 4. 유예·면제의 원인 25
• (1) 개인적 요인 25
• (2) 가정적 요인 25
• (3) 학교적 요인 26
• (4) 사회적 요인 27
• Ⅳ. 의무교육 유예·면제자의 교육권 보장방안 28
• 1. 대안학교 제도 28
• (1) 개요 28
• (2) 대안학교(교육)의 개념과 분류 29
• (3) 대안학교의 현황과 실태 33
• (4) 외국의 대안교육 38
• (5) 대안교육의 문제점 43
• (6) 대안학교(교육)의 법적 정당성 45
• 2. 홈스쿨링 제도 52
• (1) 개요 52
• (2) 홈스쿨링의 개념 54
• (3) 외국의 홈스쿨링 56
• (4) 한국 홈스쿨링의 현황 59
• (5) 홈스쿨링의 문제점 60
• (6) 홈스쿨링의 법적 정당성 62
• 3. 예비학교 제도 69
• (1) 개요 69
• (2) 예비학교의 개념 70
• (3) 예비학교의 문제점 71
• (4) 예비학교 현황 71
• (5) 예비학교의 법적 정당성 72
• Ⅴ. 관련 법제 개선 방안 74
• 1. 대안학교의 설립·운영에 관한 규정 74
• 2. 초·중등교육법과 교육기본법 75
• 3. 단일 법전 제정 76
• Ⅵ. 결 론 80
• 참고문헌 84